粒子加速器多系统位移监测与全局坐标系统一问题研究

Along with the development of particle accelerator, the requirement of the alignment accuracy of key components- - magnets, for example, becomes higher and higher. In order to keep accelerator normal operation, different monitoring systems are adopted to real time monitor transversal and vertical positions of the components. This project trys to intoduce the method of theory study and experimental verification to unify all the different monitoring systems into the general coordinate system of acclerator.Based on that it is easy to diagnose the displacements happened in different positions and in different directions. and then to adjust the displacement if it is necessary. The monitoring systems which are universally used in accelerators around the word include Hydrostatic Levelling System (vertical), Wire Position System (transversal and vertical), and Inclinometer System(pitch and yaw), etc. In order to reflect their monitoring results in the general coordinate system, the common datum must be precisely established in the hardware. By the common datum the monitoring data are unified in a local coordinate system. In the meanwhile the deviations produced by different monitoring systems because of enviremental influence have to be took into account, and could be amended effectly. Then different local coordinate systems are unified into the general coordinate system by mathmatical analysis and calculation. Based on the theory of propagation of error the transforming accuracy have to be effectly evaluated, and also have to be guaranteed to fit the alignment tolerances of the accelerators.This project will be developed based on the related latest research results in this field around the word.

粒子加速器的发展对关键部件（如磁铁）准直精度要求越来越高，为了保证加速器正常运行，须采用各种监测系统对这些部件的横向和纵向位置进行实时监测。本项目试图通过理论研究和实验验证的方法，将不同位移监测系统统一到加速器的全局坐标系下，方便对不同位置在不同方向上的位置变化进行诊断，便于及时进行必要的位置调整。国际上最普遍使用的位移监测系统包括静力水准系统（纵向）、引张线位置监测系统（横向和纵向）以及倾斜仪系统（俯仰角和摆动角）等，为了将它们的监测结果在全局坐标系上反映出来，在硬件上必须精密地建立它们的共同基准，将监测数据通过该基准统一在一个局部坐标系下，同时要考虑不同监测方法受到的环境影响而产生的偏差，并能得到有效修正；随后要进行数学上分析与计算，将各个局部坐标系统一到全局坐标系下，并根据误差传递理论有效评估转换的精度，使其在加速器准直允许误差范内。将基于国际上最新相关研究进展，开展本项目研究。

随着粒子加速器规模的不断扩大和技术要求的不断提升，对磁铁等关键元部件的点位精度要求越来越严格，需要采用各种可行的点位监测系统对部件各个方向的位移进行实时监测。目前，国际上最普遍使用的点位监测系统包括静力水准传感器、线位置监测传感器、倾斜仪等。但是，这些传感器往往基于不同的测量基准，测量范围也不尽相同，测量数据容易出现互相干扰和无法检核的情况。本课题立足于不同点位监测系统的特点，将它们的监测数据归化到统一的坐标体系中进行评价，从而实现对关键元部件的点位精度进行多维实时监测。首先，根据系统设定的精度预期，对不同的监测系统进行深入调研分析和选型，进行系统结构设计并建模仿真；其次，对采购和自研的各类传感器进行精度标定并搭建系统测试平台；再次，对系统中多级空间坐标系建立及转换方法进行深入研究；最后，根据实际搭建的测试平台并结合坐标转换方法的研究，将各传感器在其自身坐标系下的实际测量数据转换到基板坐标系和系统坐标系，最终将不同系统的坐标系转换到全局坐标系下表达。