高压水混流破鳞带钢清洗（HPMFD）机理研究

As the environment pollution becomes serious, the economic depression becomes more evident and the competition becomes fierce nowadays, the removing of mill scale from the surface of hot rolled steel has been an urgent requirement in order to provide steel product with high quality and high additional value for modern industry. This research aims at studying on a new kind of high pressure mixture flow descaling (HPMFD) technology, which combines shot peening cleaning technology with high pressure water jet cleaning technology. The scheme combines the latest research results of fluid dynamics, fluid power transmission and control, chemical engineering and material science. Firstly, the research will establish mathematical model of adhesion of mill scale and the kinetic model of interphase interaction between high pressure water flow and abrasive on the basis of the experiment. Then, debonding model about the mill scale will be established based on the two models mentioned above. The uniformity control and jet dynamics of mixture flow are explored, and the prototypes of mixer and throwing jet are developed successively. The mill scale removing efficiency is tested by putting up experiment system. Finally, the mechanism of HPMFD technology is studied by combining test with theory and simulation results. Meanwhile, the influence of the structure parameters, the system parameters, the abrasive type, etc. on the removing efficiency of mill scale is investigated, and the structures of prototypes of mixer and throwing jet are optimized. The improved HPMFD system, which can meet the requirement of low cost, high quality, and environmental protection will create considerable market value. The steel production of our country will be increased to a new level.

在环境问题日益突出、经济萎靡、竞争形势日趋紧张的外部环境下，现代化工业发展对高质量钢铁产品的要求日趋苛刻。本项目将喷丸清洗技术与高压水射流清洗技术相结合，提出一种新型高压水混流破鳞带钢清洗（HPMFD）技术。综合流体力学、机械学流体传动与控制和材料科学等学科的最新研究成果，在试验研究的基础上建立带钢基体表面氧化铁皮附着力的数学模型及高压水流与磨料间相互作用的两相动力学模型，探索带钢表面氧化铁皮剥离力学模型。通过对高压水-磨料混合流场进行时均性控制，对混流浆液射流动力学进行研究，研制出混流器和喷幕机原理样机，搭建带钢表面混流破鳞性能评定试验系统。理论、仿真联系试验，探索HPMFD技术的除鳞机理，研究样机结构参数、系统参数等对带钢除鳞效果的影响，对样机结构进行优化，使HPMFD系统适应低成本、高质量、绿色环保的市场需求，创造可观的市场价值，同时使我国钢铁生产质量水平提升到一个新的高度。

钢坯表面的氧化铁皮是影响带钢表面质量的“罪魁祸首”，这些氧化铁皮如不被及时清除，不仅会损坏轧辊、轧入钢坯表面形成凹坑或麻面等表面缺陷，而且还会给后续工序（如冷轧、镀锌或涂层）带来诸多问题。在环境问题日益突出、经济萎靡、竞争形势日趋紧张的外部环境下，现代化工业发展对高品质钢铁产品的要求日趋苛刻，因而开发一种绿色环保、集成度高、高效低成本的带钢表面氧化铁皮去除方法尤为迫切和重要。本项目在研究带钢表面氧化铁皮的生成与破裂机理的基础上，建立了带钢表面清洗打击力数学模型及带钢表面氧化铁皮剥离力学模型；创建了自激振荡后混式混流器的数值仿真模型，进行了磨料和高压水两相的混合特性研究，考察了不同系统参数对混流器均混特性的影响；分析了喷幕机旋转射流流场的分布特征及其射流冲蚀特性，探索了不同系统参数对喷幕机输出打击力的作用规律。基于上述研究，研制出了混流器和喷幕机的原理样机，完成了HPMFD装置的集成设计，搭建了带钢表面混流破鳞性能评定试验系统，并分别开展了打击力测试试验和除磷性能试验，实现了HPMFD系统的最终优化设计。理论与试验结果共同表明，本研究提出的高压水混流破鳞带钢清洗机理是可行性的，且经HPMFD系统处理的带钢表面清洁度等级可达Sa2.5级以上。本项目研究具有重要的理论意义，所提出的新型除鳞方法不仅能够适应低成本、高质量、绿色环保的市场需求，而且具有广阔的应用前景，有望使我国钢铁生产质量水平提升到一个新的高度。