微波离子热法制备超级电容器用共轭微孔聚合物

As a kind of energy storage device, supercapacitor has attracted a great attention due to the merits of high power density, long cycle-life. To meet the demand of modern life, the high energy density has been proposed as a new goal for supercapacitor. The properties of electrode materials are the most important key factors to determine the performance of capacitors. Compared with great efforts in composite fabrication or structural design, little attention has been paid to exploring the new materials for capacitors. In this project, we will explore the application of conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) in capacitor. Firstly, we will synthesize CMPs via a microwave-enhanced ionothermal polymerization to diaminobenzene, in which FeCl3 serves as catalysts and heating medium. Combining with the merits of low-cost and energy saving, this method will be easy to scale-up. Secondly, to further improve its' capacitive performance in high current density, CMPs with hierarchal pores will be fabricated via the introduction of SiO2 nanoparticles as the secondary templates. Lastly, we will extend CMPs' application in nonaqueous capacitors，in which organic electrolyte or ionic liquids is used. It is believed that this work will provide both theoretical and practical contributions to exploring other energy-storage devices.

超级电容器作为一种新型储能器件，具有高功率、长寿命等优点。现代科技的发展对其提出了高能量密度的要求。电极材料的性质对电容器的存储性能起决定性作用。相对于原有材料体系的复合化和结构功能化，新材料体系的开发关注不多。本项目以微孔共轭聚合物(Conjugated Microporous Polymers,CMPs)这一新型材料为研究对象，拟拓展其在储能领域中的应用基础研究。首先，从CMPs的制备入手，以苯二胺为反应前体，采用微波离子热法制备具有较高比容量的CMPs。这一设计路线的原料廉价，制备过程节能高效，有利于实际开发中的批量化。其次，对CMPs进行结构功能化，结合模板法制备具有分级孔结构的CMPs，以提高其大电流充放电时的比容量。最后，本项目还将探索CMPs在有机电解质和离子液体中的储能行为，为其他储能器件的开发提供借鉴参考价值。

超级电容器作为一种新型储能器件，具有高功率、长寿命等优点。现代科技的发展对其提出了高能量密度的要求。电极材料的性质对电容器的存储性能起决定性作用。相对于原有材料体系的复合化和结构功能化，新材料体系的开发关注不多。本项目以微孔共轭聚合物(Conjugated Microporous Polymers,CMPs)这一新型材料为研究对象，拓展了其在储能领域中的应用基础研究。首先，从CMPs的制备入手，以苯二胺为反应前体，采用离子热法制备具有较高比容量的CMPs。这一设计路线的原料廉价，制备过程节能高效，有利于实际开发中的批量化。其次，研究了所制CMPs的储能行为，剖析其中的电荷存储机理，探索了CMPs在超级电容器和锂离子电池方面的应用可能；最后，借鉴其合成方法，拓展CMPs及其衍生炭材料，生物质基炭材料在电化学储能、电化学催化、电化学分析领域的应用。本项目在Adv. Mater., Adv. Funct. Mater., J. Power. Sources, Electrochim. Acta, RSC. Adv.等国际学术期刊发表学术论文5篇，申请国家专利3项，授权专利3项，参加国内外学术会议5次。以上研究工作的开展，对发展CMPs的制备具有指导意义，对研究CMPs的应用具有实践价值。