基于生物分级多孔结构的超分子自组装及其对CO2的捕获与催化转换特性研究

In view of the current severe environmental problems，in addition to strictly control and reduce the emissions of greenhouse gas CO2, for a lot of CO2 that have emitted，it is no way that can completely meet many requirements such as low cost, large-scale preparation, high efficiency, environmental protection and so on.. The global annual CO2 emissions is about 30 billion tons, and about 20% of them are consumed by marine plankton diatoms through the photosynthesis. As the CO2 concentration in water is very low, while diatoms have evolved an efficient CO2 capture mechanism, that is to transform negative charge HCO3¯ in water into CO2 by carbonic anhydrase (CA) and send them into the cell. After diatoms died the enzyme loss its activity, and the biological CO2 capture process stops. Using porous coordination polymer such as MOFs，ZIFs and COFs to simulate the function of biological eCA in diatoms in this program, assembled porous coordination polymer which can adsorp CO2 itself on the cell wall of diatomite, trying to make dead diatoms to regain the ability to capture CO2, trying to make hundreds of millions of tons of dead algae "coming back to life" on the function of the adsorption of CO2 , and make waste profitable. through the recombination between porous coordination polymer and the Diatomite, Prepared a variety of porous coordination polymer/ Diatomite composite with high CO2 capture and catalytic conversion performance, low cost and large-scale production, and the Diatomite regain the ability to capture CO2, and then study on the mechanism of its high CO2 capture and catalytic conversion, get recycled environmental protection material and clean renewable energy, and put forward new way of thinking for global climate change, greenhouse effect and atmospheric environmental management, etc.

针对严峻的环境气候问题，除严格控制减少温室气体CO2排放外，对已排放的大量CO2，目前尚无一种低成本、高效、绿色环保的方案。.全球每年排放近300亿吨的CO2，其中20%左右由海藻所消耗。海水中CO2浓度很低，海藻进化出了一种CO2捕获机制，即通过碳酸酐酶将水中带负电的HCO3¯ 转化成CO2并送进细胞。海藻死后该酶失去活性，这种生物CO2捕获过程随之停止。 . 本项目拟采用多孔配位聚合物如MOFs，ZIFs和COFs等模拟活硅藻中生物酶的作用，将本身吸附CO2的多孔配位聚合物组装在死硅藻的细胞壁上，试图使得死硅藻重新获得捕获CO2的能力，力图让数亿吨的死硅藻在吸附CO2功能上“起死回生”，变废为宝。通过将多孔配位聚合物与硅藻土复合，制备多种高CO2捕获与催化转换性能的新材料，并研究其机理，得到可循环利用的环保材料和清洁可再生能源，为应对全球气候变化，温室效应和大气环境治理等提出新思路。

针对严峻的环境气候问题，除严格控制减少温室气体CO2排放外，对已排放的大量CO2，目前尚无一种低成本、高效、绿色环保的方案。.全球每年排放近300亿吨的CO2，其中20%左右由海藻所消耗。海水中CO2浓度很低，海藻进化出了一种CO2捕获机制，即通过碳酸酐酶将水中带负电的HCO3¯ 转化成CO2并送进细胞。海藻死后该酶失去活性，这种生物CO2捕获过程随之停止。.本项目采用多孔配位聚合物如MOFs，ZIFs和COFs等模拟活硅藻中生物酶的作用，将本身吸附CO2的多孔配位聚合物组装在死硅藻的细胞壁上，使得死硅藻重新获得捕获CO2的能力，力图让数亿吨的死硅藻在吸附CO2功能上“起死回生”，变废为宝。通过将多孔配位聚合物与硅藻土复合，制备多种高CO2捕获与催化转换性能的新材料，本项目主要研究了基于硅藻（土）结构模板的MOFs复合材料的制备，形貌与结构表征及其对温室气体CO2等的捕获及相关催化转化性能研究，我们研究发现Zr-MOF NU-1000热稳定性很好，我们制备了复合材料NU-1000/Diatom(ite),研究发现其在1atm 273K下对CO2的最大吸附量可以达到19.36wt%，是纯NU-1000同样实验条件下吸附量的3.5倍。在1atm 77K下其对H2的吸附量可达到4.54wt%，这比很多MOFs如MOF-177和HKUST-1的最大吸附性能都还要好,并研究其机理，得到可循环利用的环保材料和清洁可再生能源，为应对全球气候变化，温室效应和大气环境治理等提出新思路。