记忆合金/碳纳米管/聚合物新型柔性敏感材料的相变特征及其对敏感特性的影响

In order to meet the requirements of high sensitivity and multi-source sensitive driving for sensitive materials in the field of flexible sensors, this project introduced a shape memory alloy (SMA)/carbon nanotube (CNT)/polymer flexible sensing materials. In these sensing materials, SMA phase with force and temperature sensitivity is used as additional sensitive component. The CNT supported Cu-Au-Zn SMA will be prepared by the plating process which was worked in pre-research stage. By combining modern physical analysis and computer simulation model, the following works will be studied. 1) Phase transformation characteristics of CNT supported SMA under the combination of size effect and interface constraint. 2) Interface characteristics between SMA/CNT/flexible polymer and structural characteristics of nano-size tunneling junctions. 3) The evolution of the sensitivity of composite materials under the coupling of stress field and temperature field. 4) The mechanism of the SMA phase in the new flexible sensing materials. 5) Determining the weight parameters affecting the sensitivity of composite materials and obtain the best set of data for the best performance. This project will provide new ideas and theoretical basis for high performance sensitive materials in the field of flexible sensors.

针对柔性传感器领域对敏感材料高灵敏度及多重敏感驱动的需求，项目提出将具有力敏、温敏特性的记忆合金相作为叠加敏感单元，采用预研成功的镀覆工艺将铜金锌记忆合金复合到碳纳米管上，并最终制备记忆合金/碳纳米管/聚合物柔性敏感材料。利用现代物理分析检测技术与计算机仿真模型相结合的手段，系统研究记忆合金/碳纳米管复合相在尺寸效应和界面约束联合作用下的相变特征；记忆合金/碳纳米管/柔性聚合物之间的界面特征以及纳米隧道接头的结构特征；揭示复合材料在应力场和温度场耦合作用下敏感性能的演变规律；阐明记忆合金相在新型柔性敏感材料中的作用机理；确定影响复合材料敏感性能的权重参数，并获取最佳敏感性能所需成套数据。为探索制备高性能柔性传感器敏感材料提供新思路和理论依据。

项目以SMA/CNT/柔性聚合物新型敏感材料为主要研究体系，以CNT/柔性聚合物作为参比体系，得到了合理的SMA相复合工艺及热处理工艺，制备出了新型敏感复合材料。揭示了CNT负载SMA相的相变特征及SMA/CNT/柔性聚合物界面特征，建立了计算机仿真模型，探明了CNT负载SMA相在新型柔性敏感材料中的作用机理，圆满完成预期目标。项目执行期内，共发表SCI期刊论文6篇，申请国家发明专利5项，培养研究生3名。项目研发的SMA/CNT/聚合物复合材料具有除了能制备新型敏感材料之外，还具有优异的阻尼性能，目前正在进行阻尼性能的应用研究，有望在减震降噪领域获得良好的应用。