矿山土地生态系统恢复力研究

Resilience is an international research hotspot on ecological restoration, and is also an intrinsic nature of land ecosystem in mines, which could create a new idea and new thinking for land reclamation and green mine construction. The main research contents include the connotation, characteristics, driving forces, measuring model, thresholds determination among multi-stable states,the relation between resilience and stability/ vulnerability in mined land ecosystem, and key elements, mechanism, completion criteria and evaluation system of resilience improvement, and so on, which are to explore the process and mechanism of land system disturbance and restoration and to build up the theoretical frame of land ecosystem resilience. Innovation points:(1) The first time to introduce resilience theory into land reclamation in mining area, which would enlarge the research field of both land reclamation and ecological resilience; (2) New academic idea presented for green mine construction, land reclamation and ecological restoration; and (3)Classification method used for the complicated and deviated mining land ecosystems and state-transition model, thresholds model and alternatives model used for modeeling.

恢复力（Resilience）是目前国际生态恢复研究的热点，也是矿山土地生态系统的基本属性，其研究价值在于为矿山土地复垦、绿色矿山建设提供新理念和新思路。主要研究内容包括矿山土地恢复力内涵、特征、影响因素与评价模型；系统多稳态间跃迁阈值表达模型；恢复力建设的关键要素及作用机理、有效性判别准则及效果评价体系等，以揭示矿山土地生态系统扰动与恢复过程及其内在机制，构建矿山土地生态系统恢复力理论框架。创新点有三：（1）首次将恢复力引入到矿山土地系统研究领域，既延伸了恢复力理论研究空间，又开阔了矿山生态修复理论研究视野。（2）为绿色矿山、土地复垦和生态修复引入了新的观念：矿山土地生态系统恢复力属性是客观存在的，矿山土地复垦与生态恢复的本质是恢复力建设，生态恢复力是人工修复和自然恢复的选择依据之一。（3）针对复杂多样的矿山扰动系统，采取分类研究思路，分别用状态-转换法、变量阈值法和替代物法建模。

恢复力（Resilience）是目前国际生态恢复研究的热点，也是矿山土地生态系统的基本属性，其研究价值在于为矿山土地复垦、绿色矿山建设提供新理念和新思路。本项目主要对矿山土地生态系统演变过程及恢复力现象、恢复力概念模型与影响因素、恢复力测度模型、恢复力理论应用基础展开了深入研究。创新点包括：（1）首次构建了矿山土地生态系统恢复力理论框架；（2）发现了恢复力具有物质性、量性和可塑性三大特征；（3）开发了矿山土地生态系统特定恢复力、一般恢复力、关闭矿山社会生态系统恢复力的测度模型；（4）揭示了恢复力调控的基本原理和途径，并将其应用到半干旱矿山生态保护、露天矿山植被恢复、矸石充填复垦质量控制、关闭矿山社会生态系统转型发展中。研究成果深化了对恢复力的理论认识和案例研究、发展了土地复垦与生态恢复的理论基础。