量子伪传心术和量子通信复杂性若干关键问题研究

Quantum information processing (QIP) is an interdisciplinary subject covering quantum mechanics and computer science. QIP is embodying its advantages over classical information processing technique in areas such as communications, distributed computation and cryptography. Specially, the rapid development of quantum communication and its property that independent of quantum computers makes some distributed computing schemes based on quantum communication applicable currently. However, some open problems in quantum communication field are still starving for scientific answers at present. With this in mind, we are about to delve deeper into the following four items in the project we are applying for: i) constructions and solutions to some new quantum telepathy games, ii) classical simulation of quantum resource in communications, iii) the mapping methods between classical communication complexity and quantum communication complexity, and iv) security proofs of quantum communication protocols. After a preliminary investigation, two scientific questions are addressed in the project: i) equivalent transformation of quantum measurement, and ii) noise effect on performance in a quantum communication channel. We are planning to solve other items in the project based on the solutions to these two scientific questions. Theoretical achievements are expected to be obtained in areas such as quantum distributed computation, quantum communication complexity and security proof.

量子信息处理是量子力学和计算机科学的交叉学科，正在通信、分布式计算、密码学等领域不断体现出优于经典信息处理技术的优势。特别是量子通信技术的飞速发展及其不依赖于量子计算机的特点，使得一些基于量子通信的分布式计算方案在当前已经具备实用性。然而，目前在量子通信领域仍然有很多开放性问题亟待科学解答。有鉴于此，申请的课题拟对如下四点内容展开深入研究：新的量子伪传心术的构造与解决方案设计；通信中量子资源的经典模拟；经典通信复杂性、量子通信复杂性之间的映射；量子通信协议的安全性证明。经过前期调研，我们凝练出本项目的两个关键科学问题：量子测量的等效变换问题和量子通信信道中的噪声对性能的影响问题。我们拟通过对这两个关键问题的科学解答来带动本课题其他研究内容的顺利开展，并预期在量子分布式计算、量子通信复杂性、安全性证明等方面取得较好的理论成果。

经过4年的研究，国家自然科学基金项目“量子伪传心术和量子通信复杂性若干关键问题研究”进展顺利，成果突出。本项目对如下四点内容展开了深入研究：新的量子伪传心术的构造与解决方案设计；通信中量子资源的经典模拟；经典通信复杂性、量子通信复杂性之间的映射；量子通信协议的安全性证明。经过调研，我们凝练出的本项目的两个关键科学问题是：量子测量的等效变换问题和量子通信信道中的噪声对性能的影响问题。我们通过对这两个关键问题的科学解答带动了本课题其他研究内容的顺利开展。总体上，我们已完成预定目标，部分研究内容已超出预定的计划。截止到目前，本项目共发表和录用学术论文34篇，其中SCI检索论文11篇；EI检索论文18篇。申请发明专利13项,其中10项已授权。总而言之，在本项目的资助下，课题组在在量子分布式计算、量子通信复杂性、安全性证明等方面均取得了较好的理论成果。