三维石墨炔基柔性锂离子电池电极的制备及其电化学性能和机理研究

It is essential for the development of efficient and stable flexible lithium ion battery to design high-performance flexible anodes. To develop the flexible graphdiyne-based anodes with superior electrochemical and mechanical performance, this project will focus on the fundamental scientific issues related to the design and synthesis of free-standing 3D graphdiyne/transition metal oxides composites flexible anodes as well as their lithium storage and mechanical performance. The main investigations are as follows: (1) significantly improving the cycling stability, high rate charge/discharge capacity and flexibility of graphdiyne-based anodes by constructing the free-standing 3D graphdiyne skeleton and combining with transition metal oxides; (2) systematically investigating the relationship between the construction of free-standing 3D graphdiyne/transition metal oxides composites anodes and their electrochemical, mechanical performance in depth; (3) clarifying the lithium storage mechanism of free-standing 3D graphdiyne/transition metal oxides composites anodes. It is expected that the research of this project will have instructive significance on the design and development of new-type anodes materials for flexible lithium ion battery.

设计开发高性能的柔性电极对于高效稳定柔性锂离子电池的发展具有至关重要的作用。本项目以构筑具有优异电化学性能和优越力学性能的石墨炔基柔性锂离子电池电极为研究目的，围绕自支撑三维石墨炔骨架与过渡金属氧化物复合柔性电极的设计、制备及其储锂性能、机械柔韧性能和工作机理展开探索和研究。主要实现：(1)通过自支撑三维石墨炔骨架的制备及与过渡金属氧化物负极材料的复合显著提高石墨炔基柔性锂离子电池电极的比容量、大倍率充放电性能和机械柔韧性能；(2)深入系统地研究自支撑三维石墨炔/过渡金属氧化物复合柔性电极的构建与其比容量、大倍率充放电性能和机械柔韧性之间的构效关系；(3)阐明自支撑三维石墨炔/过渡金属氧化物复合柔性电极的储锂机理。该项目的研究将为更好地推动新型柔性锂离子电池电极材料的开发和利用提供科学的指导。

本项目围绕高性能三维石墨炔/过渡金属氧化物锂离子电池负极材料的制备及其工作机理的阐明展开研究，主要包含以下工作：（1）以Ti3C2 MXene和二茂铁为前驱体，通过简单的热分解一步制备了碳掺杂的多层TiO2/Fe2O3复合物。所制备的复合材料表现出了较好的储锂性能和卓越的倍率性能。（2）利用后处理过的MIL-53（Fe）材料作为前驱体，通过原位热解制备了具有多层介孔结构的Fe3O4@C纳米泡沫，其独特的结构使得所制备的复合材料表现出了优异的储锂性能。(3) 综合利用同步辐射X射线吸收谱学以及常规表征手段对所制备的电极材料的结构进行了深入探究，实现了其电化学性能提升机制的明确阐明。该项目的研究成果为高性能锂离子电池负极材料的设计和制备提供了科学的指导。