城市轨道交通节能型列车运行计划集成优化方法

Train operation strategy is the basis for scheduling and controlling trains in urban rail transit system, which consists of timetable, speed profile, number of service trains, and so on. There are three energy-efficient operation approaches which respectively optimize the timetable, speed profile, and number of service trains for improving the utilization on regenerative energy, reducing the tractive energy consumption of single train, and reducing the total tractive energy consumption. Since timetable, speed profile, and number of service trains are highly related and mutually influenced during the energy-efficient operation process, in order to achieve the global and dynamic optimality on net energy consumption, i.e., the difference between the total tractive energy consumption and the utilization on regenerative energy, we propose to integrate these three approaches for making the train operation strategy. Firstly, we deduce an energy flow model to evaluate the amount of net energy consumption with given operation strategy. Secondly, we formulate a multilevel programming model to optimize the operation strategy such that the net energy consumption is globally minimized. Furthermore, we formulate a multiobjective programming model to optimize the operation strategy such that the service quality of urban rail transit can be improved. Finally, based on the passenger flow forecasting method, we dynamically adjust the train operation strategy according to the variation of passenger demand to achieve the dynamic optimality on net energy consumption. The research results of this project enrich the train energy-efficient operation theory, provide important and valuable suggestions for the department of operations management to optimize and adjust the operation strategy, and have great significance on keeping the high-speed and sustainable development of Chinese urban rail transit.

列车运行计划包括时刻表、速度曲线、开行列车对数等，是全线组织列车运行的基础。城市轨道交通与运行计划相关的节能方法包括：优化时刻表，提高再生能量利用量；优化速度曲线，降低单车牵引能耗；优化开行列车对数，降低牵引总能耗。由于时刻表、速度曲线、开行列车对数在节能优化过程中相互影响、相互制约、互为前提，本项目提出集成以上三种方法优化运行计划，旨在实现系统净能耗（牵引总能耗与再生能量利用量之差）的全局、动态最优。本项目的研究内容包括：推演能量流动模型,计算既定运行计划的系统净能耗；构建多层规划模型优化运行计划，实现净能耗的全局最优；构建多层多目标规划模型，在节能的同时提高服务水平；基于客流变化情况调整运行计划，实现净能耗的动态最优。本项目的研究成果丰富了列车节能优化理论，可用于指导我国城市轨道交通运营管理部门优化调整运行计划、降低能耗总量，对于保持我国城市轨道交通的高速可持续发展具有重要的现实意义。

本项目面向城市轨道交通节能优化问题展开研究，主要研究内容包括：推演能量流动模型，计算既定运行计划的系统净能耗；构建多层规划模型优化运行计划，实现净能耗的全局最优；构建多目标规划模型，在节能的同时提高服务水平；基于客流变化情况调整运行计划，实现净能耗的动态最优。在该项目的资助下，项目组在Transportation Research Part B、Transportation Research Part C、European Journal of Operational Research、IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems、IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems、IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems等高水平期刊发表SCI/SSCI检索论文22篇。其中，ESI高引用论文2篇， Elsevier Top 25热点论文2篇。研究成果得到美国工程院院士H.L. Lee、交通领域知名专家L.G. Kroon、列车节能操纵理论奠基人P.G. Howlett 等同行专家的好评。项目负责人获得国家自然科学基金“优青”项目资助，荣获河北省自然科学奖二等奖 (已公示，暂无证书)、中国智能交通协会科技技术奖二等奖。项目组成员积极参与国内外学术交流，例如，承办2017年度大数据交通与物流国际会议、2015年度中国不确定系统年会、2015年度中国智能计算年会，参加The 8th International Conference on Information、2016年度NSFC-FDCT大数据领域学术研讨会等，并做大会报告或邀请报告；邀请加拿大阿尔伯塔大学Witold Pedrycz院士、香港科技大学Hong K Lo教授、美国辛辛那提大学Dan Ralescu教授、日本东京工业大学Gen Mitsuo教授等访问实验室，并做学术报告。本项目的研究成果丰富了列车节能优化理论，可用于指导我国城市轨道交通运营管理部门优化调整运行计划、降低能耗总量，对于保持我国城市轨道交通的高速可持续发展具有重要的现实意义。