Adipokines form the important part of the ‘adipo-insular axis’, dysregulation of which contributes to β-cell failure and hence to the development of type 2 diabetes. Our previous study showed that serum retinal binding protein 4 (RBP4, an adipokine) was correlated with glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in adults with normal glucose tolerance, and RBP4 induced the expression of growth factor receptor binding protein 10, a negative regulator of insulin release and insulin signaling pathway in pancreatic β-cells. We also found that the RBP4 receptor, Stimulated by Retinoic Acid 6 (Stra6), was highly expressed in islets for the first time. Moreover, activation of JAK/STAT pathway, downstream signaling pathway of RBP4 receptor, inhibited preproinsulin gene expression. The effect of RBP4 on maintaining β-cell function and mass is still largely unknown and needs to be revealed urgently. So we infer that RBP4 may regulate β-cell function and mass by activation of JAK/STAT/Grb10 signaling pathway and inhibition of insulin signaling pathway . In the current study, we intend to treat rat islets with recombinant human RBP4 and then observe the effects of RBP4 on β-cell function, proliferation and apoptosis. Since lowering transthyretin (TTR) increases renal clearance of RBP4, we observe if lowing circulating RBP4 by decreasing TTR with antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) can increase insulin secretion and β-cell mass in mouse model of type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, we aim to reveal the mechanisms for the effect of RBP4 on β-cell function and mass with deletion of Stra6 using shRNA and inhibition of JAK with drug. Our study will identify a potentially important new role for RBP4 in the development of β-cell failure, and find new targets for the development of antidiabetic drugs.
脂肪因子作为“脂肪-胰岛内分泌轴”的重要组成部分可直接影响胰岛β细胞功能及数量并参与2型糖尿病发生发展。本课题组前期研究发现脂肪因子RBP4可诱导胰岛细胞中Grb10(胰岛素信号通路的负调控蛋白)表达增多,后者过表达抑制胰岛素分泌。并首次发现RBP4细胞表面受体Stra6在胰岛中高表达。相关研究发现激活Stra6下游的JAK/STAT通路抑制胰岛素合成。故本研究提出RBP4通过激活JAK/STAT/Grb10信号通路来调控胰岛β细胞功能及数量的假说,拟用RBP4干预来观察胰岛素合成及分泌、胰岛β细胞增殖和凋亡的变化。在2型糖尿病动物模型中通过反义寡核苷酸技术降低RBP4浓度,在体观察胰岛β细胞分泌功能、增殖和凋亡的改变。最后利用shRNA干扰Stra6表达及药物阻抑JAK/STAT通路,探讨代谢紊乱时RBP4对功能性胰岛细胞量的网络调节机制,为预防和治疗2型糖尿病找到潜在靶点。
RBP4(serum retinal binding protein 4)做为脂肪因子参与糖脂代谢调节,且其细胞表面受体Stra6在胰岛中高表达,下游的JAK/STAT通路可抑制胰岛素合成。本课题围绕RBP4对胰岛细胞功能及数量的调节在细胞水平上进行了相关实验。证实RBP4促进葡萄糖刺激的胰岛素分泌及胰岛细胞增殖,不影响胰岛细胞凋亡。但RBP4过表达小鼠中胰岛素分泌较对照组并无明显增加,故在合作单位支持下,进一步研究LAMTOR1(锚定在溶酶体上的构架蛋白)调控胰岛细胞分泌功能的机制。结果发现:1. IPGTT试验中,LAMTOR1胰岛特异性敲除(βLAMTOR1 KO)小鼠的糖耐量较对照小鼠明显改善,但胰岛中胰岛素分泌关键基因的mRNA表达水平均未发现明显改变,且胰岛内胰岛素含量也未见明显改变。2进一步通过检测胰岛素分泌的金标准高葡萄糖钳夹技术证实,与对照小鼠相比,βLAMTOR1 KO小鼠第一相和第二相胰岛素分泌水平明显增加。3.分离βLAMTOR1 KO小鼠和对照小鼠的胰岛进行体外胰岛灌流,亦证实敲除LAMTOR1后胰岛细胞中高葡萄糖刺激下的胰岛素分泌明显增加。4.先后用二氮嗪(KATP通道开放剂)、KCl及格列苯脲(ATP依赖的钾通道阻断剂)进行体外胰岛灌流并检测胰岛素分泌,结果证实敲除LAMTOR1所致胰岛素分泌增加的作用靶点并非胰岛素分泌的触发通路——ATP依赖的钾通道。5. 通过ATP及耗氧率检测发现,敲除LAMTOR1后胰岛细胞存在线粒体功能缺陷。6.进一步对胰岛素分泌的放大通路——谷氨酸信号通路进行研究,发现LAMTOR1敲除后胰岛细胞中谷氨酸合成增加,且GLP-1干预可进一步增加胰岛细胞中的谷氨酸含量及胰岛素分泌水平。7.本研究利用高糖刺激,发现βLAMTOR1 KO小鼠的原代胰岛细胞中AMPK的磷酸化水平下降,并导致其底物ACC1活化增加。因此通过本基金的支持,我们首次发现βLAMTOR1 KO小鼠的胰岛素分泌明显增加,且其作用靶点为胰岛素分泌的放大通路——谷氨酸信号通路及ACC1活化。本研究揭示了2型糖尿病胰岛细胞功能缺陷的分子机制,为寻找新的2型糖尿病治疗靶点提供重要研究方向。同时,证实LAMTOR1为肠促胰素诱导胰岛素分泌机制的重要环节,有助于探寻增强GLP-1受体激动剂疗效的新治疗方法。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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