医疗行业创新产品采纳的影响机制研究：知识惯性的视角

The innovation of medical has become an important power of the future sustainable development of China's economy. Although a large number of hospitals in our country have introduced medical innovation equipment, many doctors do not use, leading to great waste of resources. The existing adoption theory of innovation fails to explain such phenomenon. Thus, we turn to a perspective of knowledge inertia and propose a new framework, which focuses on adoption of innovative medical products, to explore the evolution path and formation mechanism of adoption of innovative products in medical industry. First of all, basing on defining the construct of innovative products, we construct a multi-level innovative product evaluation model; secondly, we compare the motivation of non-using phenomenon and explore effects of different types of knowledge inertia on knowledge absorptive capacity. Thirdly, from paradigm of knowledge inertia - adoption behavior, we construct a conceptual framework, incorporating doctor's knowledge inertia, knowledge absorptive capability, doctor's knowledge position, hospital's support and the adoption of medical innovative products. Finally, we operationalize the relevant constructs and empirically examine the conceptual framework in medical context. Basing on the findings of the empirical examination, we try to open the "black box" between knowledge inertia and adoption of innovative products, reveal the formation mechanism of adoption of innovative products, as well as underscore the disturbing effect of knowledge potential and hospital’s support. The study may advance innovation adoption theory by exploring the adoption process after hospital’s purchase and guide hospitals and government to formulate and improve the effective strategy on the improvement of medical innovative products.

医疗领域的技术创新已成为我国经济可持续发展的重要动能，尽管我国医院大量引入医疗创新设备，很多医生却不使用，造成资源极大浪费。现有创新采纳理论对此解释乏力。本研究基于知识惯性视角提出以医疗创新产品采纳为逻辑归宿的新研究框架，重点探析医疗行业创新产品采纳的演进路径与形成机制。首先，在界定创新产品内涵的基础上，构造多层次的创新产品评判模型；其次，通过对医疗创新产品不使用的动因进行比较研究，从知识惯性的角度探讨不同类型的知识惯性对知识吸收能力的影响；再次，基于“知识惯性-采纳行为”的关系范式，构建包括医生知识位势、医院支持作用的医生知识惯性、知识吸收能力与医疗创新产品采纳提升的作用机制模型；最后，在医疗背景下对构念操作化测量及理论模型实证检验，据此揭示知识惯性影响创新产品采纳的过程“黑箱”，以及医生知识位势、医院支持的扰动作用。期望拓展创新采纳理论，为医院和政府制定完善医疗创新产品采纳的提升策略。

尽管我国医院大量引入了医疗创新设备，但是很多医生不使用，造成资源的极大浪费。但中国正大力发展医疗行业，并将之作为重要的战略。现有创新采纳的理论对此解释乏力。因此，本研究转向知识惯性视角提出以医疗创新产品采纳为逻辑归宿的新研究框架，重点探析医疗行业创新产品采纳的演进路径与形成机制。综合采用理论分析、案例分析、问卷等多种方法相结合的方法，将“知识惯性－能力—行为”关系范式放入医疗行业背景中，探讨创新产品采纳的前因变量和过程机制。首先，本课题将知识惯性分为学习惯性和经验惯性两个维度，对2家专科医院和3家综合医院的专业医务人员进行问卷调查，实证检验了知识惯性对专业人员创新采纳意愿的影响，探讨知识吸收能力的中介作用和组织支持的调节作用，发现：学习惯性负向影响知识吸收能力，而经验惯性则正向影响知识吸收能力，同时知识吸收能力在学习惯性、经验惯性和创新采纳意愿之间起部分中介作用，组织支持在经验惯性和知识吸收能力之间起到调节作用，而没有在学习惯性和知识吸收能力起到调节作用。其次，本课题还进一步围绕知识理论、企业技术创新进行研究，研究不仅仅局限于医疗行业，扩大到各个行业，在知识对企业技术创新、标准创新、绿色创新等方面取得了一系列的成果。本课题拓展了创新采纳理论，为医院和政府制定完善医疗创新产品采纳的提升策略。