供应链弹性驱动机制及其优化与测度方法研究

Supply chain resilience (SCRES) is the core competence to cope with disruptions for supply chain. However, for SCRES, only conceptual works can be cited and systematic researches are needed. Based on this situation, this project carries out a research on SCRES driving mechanism, SCRES optimization, and SCRES measurement and aims at proposing a method for SCRES construction and improving. First, a three-dimensional relational model of supply chain resilience is developed to analyze the relationship of the key resilience related variables. Based on the deeply understanding the conjecture of SCRES, the supply chain resilience driving mechanism was explored using the driving frame which is transferred from the fishbone diagram using Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM) method. This driving frame incorporates the connection of the driving factors. Secondly, an optimization model is constructed in the view of custom service level; and a SCRES measurement model is proposed. SCRES improving methods and routs can be derived from these two models. Finally, SCRES strategies are extracted using WSR (a Chinese systems engineering method). The derived conclusion and developed theory from this project will apply to the practice which will benefit the resilient supply chain building for China’s enterprises. The proposed theory and method will provide effective advice and theoretical support for our enterprise to adapt the modern complex business environment. So this project has prominent value both theoretically and practically.

供应链弹性作为供应链应对突发事件的核心能力，一直缺乏系统深入地研究。基于此，本项目以供应链弹性驱动机制、弹性优化与弹性测度为研究内容，旨在提出一套供应链弹性构建与提升的方法。首先，提出供应链弹性立体模型分析供应链弹性与相关关键变量之间关系，进一步深入理解供应链弹性内涵，在此基础上运用鱼刺图和解释结构模型绘制供应链弹性驱动框架图，形成供应链弹性驱动因素耦合关系分析方法，以此探析供应链弹性驱动机制；然后建立了考虑客户服务水平的供应链弹性优化模型，并构建了基于“投入”与“产出”供应链弹性综合测度模型，以此探讨供应链弹性提升的方法和途径；最后采用WSR的方法构建供应链弹性策略，并将所研究的理论应用到实践中去。本项目的研究将为我国企业供应链弹性的构建提供有力的理论支撑，以应对供应链突发事件，适应现代复杂社会、复杂经济体系的发展，具有重要的理论与实践价值。

供应链弹性作为供应链应对突发事件的核心能力，一直缺乏系统深入地研究。而提高供应链弹性是供应链应对突发事件风险的有效方法。本项目以供应链弹性驱动机制、弹性测度与弹性优化为研究内容，旨在提出一套供应链弹性构建与提升的方法，具体包括以下内容：.（1）供应链弹性驱动机制研究。为了理清供应链弹性影响因素及其相互关系。在阐述了供应链弹性的内涵的基础上，构建了基于SCOR供应链弹性分析框架，从计划、采购、制造、配送、退货等方面进行供应链弹性分析，然后重点分析了供应链弹性的驱动因素和障碍因素。在此基础上，构建基于解释结构模型法的供应链弹性影响因素关系模型，并运用结构方程的方法验证了结构解释模型提出的层次关系。模型中的三个假设：供应链弹性→供应链竞争优势，供应链脆弱性→供应链弹性，供应链柔性→供应链弹性三个关系均获得支持。.（2）供应链弹性测度研究。在此方面，提出了一种新的基于“投入-产出”的供应链弹性测度方法。即从供应链弹性投入和供应链弹性产出两方面对供应链弹性进行评价。其中供应链弹性投入采用资源投入相对强度和资源投入与决策者偏好匹配两个指标；而供应链弹性产出采用可拓的理论和方法。最后对所提出的方法演示了算例，说明提出方法可用性。.（3）供应链弹性优化。构建了基于木桶理论与效价理论结合的供应链弹性综合优化路径选择方法和模型，并给出了实例分析。该方法既保证了查漏补缺、均衡发展的目的，又能最大限度地降低供应链弹性构建的投入。.本项目的研究将为我国企业供应链弹性的构建提供有力的理论支撑，以应对供应链突发事件，适应现代复杂社会、复杂经济体系的发展，具有重要的理论与实践价值。