纳米颗粒物对介孔材料吸附有机污染气体的影响规律研究

Adsorption purification is one of the most important methods in control of organic pollutant gases. Airborne nanoparticles that ubiquitously exist in the environment would affect the adsorbents' porous and material characteristics as well as the adsorption behaviour of organic gases on it, which is becoming a significant fundamental subject for the development of adsorption science. This work is to investigate the characteristics of nanoparticles from organic gas pollution sources and their influences on mesoporous adsorbents' porous and material characteristics, on the basis of several advanced characterization techniques. The gas-and-particle coexisting adsorption condition will be established for an in-depth study on adsorption and desorption features of representative macromolecular organic gases, e.g. polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, dioxin-type compounds and benzene series compounds over mesoporous adsorbents, using the dynamic adsorption method and the temperature programmed desorption method, respectively. The interaction relationships between nanoparticles and mesoporous adsorbents and the corresponding influence rules on organic gas adsorption will be explored, revealing the mechanism of the gas-particle competitive adsorption. The prediction model for the synthetical effect of nanoparticles on organic gas adsorption can be developed. The research results will benefit to elucidate the scientific problem regarding effects of nanoparticles on organic gas adsorption, and provide guidance for the development of high-performance mesoporous adsorbents and the application of them in organic pollutant gas treatment.

吸附净化是有机污染气体治理的重要方法之一。环境中普遍存在的纳米颗粒物会对吸附剂孔道和材质特性以及有机气体的吸附行为造成影响，此成为吸附学科发展所需研究的重要基础课题。课题拟基于多种先进表征手段实验研究典型有机气体污染源中纳米颗粒物特性及其对介孔吸附剂孔道结构和材料性质的影响；建立气-粒共存吸附条件，分别采用动态吸附法及程序升温脱附法对多环芳烃、二噁英类物质、苯系物等大分子有机气体在介孔吸附剂上的吸附、脱附特性开展深入研究。探索纳米颗粒物与介孔吸附剂间的相互作用关系，及其对有机气体吸附的影响规律，揭示气-粒竞争吸附的作用机制，建立纳米颗粒物对有机气体吸附综合影响的预测模型。研究成果可有助于阐明纳米颗粒物对有机气体吸附影响的科学问题，为研究开发高性能介孔吸附剂及其在有机污染气体净化治理中的应用提供参考。

吸附净化是有机污染气体治理的重要方法之一。环境中普遍存在的纳米颗粒物（NPs）会对吸附剂孔道和材质特性以及有机气体的吸附行为造成影响，此成为吸附学科发展所需研究的重要基础课题。本课题基于多种先进表征手段研究了NPs与吸附剂间的相互作用关系，站在吸附理论的角度揭示空气中NPs在多孔材料上的沉积现象，重点从多孔材料的骨架结构、孔径分布、阳离子负载等三方面，论证NPs在多孔材料中呈现的吸附作用规律：主孔径越大、阳离子荷径比越大，吸附作用越强；并基于传统热弹效率曲线预测模型，融入了介孔捕获与阳离子静电吸附模型，完善了<10nm的NPs滤除机制。进一步地建立了气-粒共存吸附实验条件，探索了NPs对典型有机气体甲苯在不同沸石分子筛上吸附的影响规律，在热力学方面，甲苯吸附量的下降与NPs堵孔和占据活性位点的机制有关，相较无NPs时最高可下降16%；在动力学方面，内扩散阻力的上升与不同气体浓度下的主导机制（静电作用或空间位阻）有关，甲苯吸附速率相较无NPs时最高可下降20%。本研究成果可有助于阐明纳米颗粒物的吸附及其对有机气体吸附影响的科学问题，为研究开发高性能气粒共存吸附净化材料的创制、遴选与应用提供理论参考。在项目资助下，在Chemical Engineering Journal、Journal of Hazardous Materials等期刊发表SCI论文11篇、国内EI期刊论文2篇，申请专利4件，授权2件，培养博士毕业生1人和硕士毕业生4名，参加国际学术交流6人次。