Compared with gas, scintillator and traditional semiconductor neutron detectors, SiC neutron detector offer several important advantages, such as temperature and radiation hardness. For this reason, SiC neutron detector can be used for neutron detector in the extreme enviroment including nuclear reactors, high energy physical experiment and out space. The trench perforated three dimension SiC neutron detector, which contains high depth to width ratio, can effectively improve the detector efficiency of the detectors. So, for the first time, we will carry out the study of three dimension 4H-SiC neutron detectors with high efficiency. To obtain the optimized structure of detectors, we make use of Mente Carlo approach simulating the energy loss of neutrons and charged particles and the range of particles. After that, the key technique of fabricating three dimension SiC neutron detector, such as the optimized dry etching of SiC with high etching rate and low etching damage and ion implantation doping process to the surface of trench perforated SiC, will be systematically studied. Finally, we will fabricate some trench perforated three dimension SiC neutron detectors and caracterize their electrical properties.
相比于气体、闪烁体和常规的半导体中子探测器,SiC中子探测器具有抗高温和耐辐照等优点,因此适用于核反应堆、高能物理实验和外太空等高温高压以及强辐射等极端环境中的中子监测。而利用三维结构的,具有高深宽比SiC结器件阵列,所制备的3D SiC中子探测器,能有效地提高探测器的探测效率。故本项目首次开展3D 高效4H-SiC中子探测器的研究。通过蒙特卡罗方法模拟中子和核反应产生的带电粒子能量损失和射程的研究将得到优化的3D SiC中子探测器结构。再研究3D结构SiC中子探测器制备的关键技术,如高刻蚀速率和低刻蚀损伤的SiC干法刻蚀优化工艺和凹槽结构SiC表面离子注入掺杂工艺。在此基础上,制备出3D结构的SiC 中子探测器样品,并对其进行电学性能研究。
中子探测器可广泛应用于核武器监测与检测、裂变堆/聚变堆的安全监测、 乏燃料的检测、航空航天等众多领域。传统平面型热中子半导体探测器探测效率较低,而采用具有三维结构的多孔(或沟道)SiC结器件,并将中子敏感材料6LiF填充到深孔(或沟道)内能有效提高中子的探测效率。本项目对3D结构SiC中子探测器的相关工艺以及器件进行了初步研究。主要对SiO2/SiC的界面、通过蒙特卡洛方法模拟了中子在6LiF敏感层中的行为和反应产物在6LiF及SiC中的行为、SiC干法刻蚀工艺以及离子注入掺杂等关键工艺进行了研究,以及采用原子力显微镜对离子注入前后SiC表面形貌进行了系统研究。研究发现,Ar气气氛下600℃退火所得到SiO2/SiC界面质量最好。通过蒙特卡洛理论模拟中子和核反应产生的带电粒子能量损失和射程的研究,得到了初步的器件结构参数。通过改变ICP和RIE功率、O2/SF6气体的比例、和本底压强对SiC干法刻蚀工艺进行系列研究,得到表面平整度好(RMS=0.512nm)以及SiC表面未焦化的较优化的干法刻蚀工艺。在此基础上,对SiC表面进行铝离子注入掺杂工艺,离子注入铝后,表面粗糙度显著增加。对这些基础研究为SiC中子探测器的研制提供了重要的实验基础。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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