生态脆弱区农田林网生态工程效能增益研究-基于新疆的考察

Xinjiang is the typical fragile ecology region, with the serious natural disasters of sandstrom, snowstorm, arid wind, dry-hot wind, high temperature, cold spell, salt marsh; The ecological project of farmland shelterbelt network promotes to strengthen the stability and sequential quality of field ecosystem, achieve the state majorization and status optimization of agricultural production and the life of peasants. However, it exists the imbalance construction, forest management privation and renew lagged in ecological project of farmland shelterbelt network in Xinjiang, and reduces the overall effectiveness of ecological project of farmland shelterbelt network. The project will discuss the structure of network of forest belts, the management and operation, update and renovation of ecological project of farmland shelterbelt network; will systematically monitor and evaluate the ecological efficacy, economic efficacy and social efficacy, objectively evaluate the overall effectiveness of ecological project of farmland shelterbelt network; will analyze the basic representation of weakening efficacy of ecological project of farmland shelterbelt network, and conduct the attribution analysis; and then establish the strategies of efficacy promotion of the ecological project of farmland shelterbelt network, in order to maintain the stability, sequential quality and high-efficient of the ecological project of farmland shelterbelt network, promote the overall effectiveness of ecological project of farmland shelterbelt network, give the full rein of complex efficacy of the ecological project of farmland shelterbelt network.

新疆生态环境脆弱，沙暴、暴雪、旱风、干热风、高温、寒潮、盐碱等自然灾害严重，农田林网生态工程有助于强化农田生态系统的稳定性与有序性，实现农业生产与农民生活的扩态增势。但新疆农田林网生态工程普遍存在结构失范、管护缺位、更新滞后等问题，极大地降低农田林网生态工程的整体效能。本课题将客观论述新疆农田林网生态工程的林网结构、管护运营、更新改造与价值认知等基本态势；系统监测并评估新疆农田林网生态工程的生态效能、经济效能与社会效能，客观评估农田林网生态工程的整体效能；剖析并搜寻新疆农田林网生态工程效能弱化的基本表征，并进行科学的归因分析；构建新疆农田林网生态工程的效能增益策略，以维持新疆生态脆弱区农田林网生态工程的稳定性、有序性与高效性，提升新疆农田林网生态工程的整体效能，切实发挥农田林网生态工程的复合效益。

农田林网生态工程作为绿洲农田生态系统的防护主体，是干旱区绿洲农田的重要生态屏障，有助于强化农田生态系统的稳定性与有序性，实现农业生产与农民生活的扩态增势。但新疆农田林网生态工程普遍存在结构失范、管护缺位、更新滞后等问题，极大地降低农田林网生态工程的整体效能。为此，本项目客观论述新疆农田林网生态工程的经营模式与基本态势；系统监测并评估新疆农田林网生态工程的生态效能、经济效能与社会效能；剖析并搜寻新疆农田林网生态工程效能弱化的基本表征，揭示生态脆弱区农田林网效能弱化与农户经营管护行为不足的形成机理与影响因素；优化新疆农田林网生态工程的经营模式、构建其效能增益机制，以维持新疆生态脆弱区农田林网生态工程的稳定性、有序性与高效性，提升新疆农田林网生态工程的整体效能，也为相关部门提升农业、农村生产环境提供有效的解决方案