植物纤维缓冲材料能量吸收性能的湿度敏感性及其表征

Fiber-based cushioning material is a type of environment friendly packaging material meeting the demand of sustainable development, thus is widely used in packaging field. Honeycomb paperboard, corrugated paperboard and fiber-based foaming material are fiber-based cushioning materials used most extensively nowadays.They can be applied in distribution chains as energy absorbers or cushions to protect products from accidental impacts,therefore,the prediction of the energy absorption properties of fiber-based cushioning material is essential to energineering application. Energy absorption properties of honeycomb paperboard, corrugated paperboard and fiber-based foaming material were investigated in this project,the effect of relative humidy in logistical environment on the energy absorption properties of these materials were explored,and energy absorption mechanism were analyzed relatively. Based on these, energy absorption prediction models were constructed and normalized energy absorption diagrams were plotted according to these models. Combining the energy absorption prediction models and energy absorption diagrams, packaging designers can characterise the energy absorption properties of fiber-based cushioning materials in actual logistic environment, therefore to optimise structure design of these materials.

植物纤维缓冲材料是符合可持续发展要求的可再生资源，在包装领域受到广泛关注。蜂窝纸板、瓦楞纸板和植物纤维发泡材料是目前使用最广泛的植物纤维缓冲材料。这类材料可被用作缓冲吸能材料用于物流环节产品的包装防护，对其缓冲吸能特性的深入研究是有效利用这类材料的关键。本项目以蜂窝纸板、瓦楞纸板和植物纤维发泡材料为研究对象，针对这三种材料能量吸收性能的湿度敏感性及其机理展开基础性研究，揭示三种材料在不同湿度和冲击环境下其能量吸收性能的劣变机制，构建植物纤维缓冲材料的参数化能量吸收表征体系，运用能量吸收图法表征三种材料的能量吸收性能，并将所建立的能量吸收预测模型与能量吸收图有机结合，对这三种缓冲包装材料进行结构和材质的优化选择。研究成果可为植物纤维缓冲材料防护包装设计与评价提供科学的理论指导，为这类材料的缓冲包装设计、预估及优化提供给一套新方法。

植物纤维缓冲材料的能量吸收性能除与构型和材质有关外，还受到物流过程中环境湿度和冲击的影响，其能量吸收性能的湿度敏感性及其机理以及不同物流环境条件下植物纤维缓冲材料能量吸收表征体系研究的匮乏成为制约植物纤维缓冲材料防护包装优化设计的主要瓶颈。本项目以蜂窝纸板和瓦楞纸板为研究对象，采用理论分析与实验相结合的方法，针对这两类材料的能量吸收性能的湿度敏感性和应变率效应开展基础性研究，揭示了在湿度和冲击作用下这两类材料力学性能和能量吸收性能的变化规律，构建了包含湿度信息和应变率的蜂窝纸板平台应力预测模型和能量吸收模型，构建了不同湿度条件下多层瓦楞纸板首层压溃应力预测模型和能量吸收模型以及瓦楞型蜂窝纸板的平台应力预测模型；综合考虑结构因素、材质因素和环境湿度因素等对缓冲吸能特性的影响，构建了兼具普适性、准确性和简便性的植物纤维缓冲材料缓冲吸能特性表征体系。考虑蜂窝纸板初始峰值应力过高及力学性能受环境湿度影响显著等实际问题，本项目还探索了具有调湿功能的泡沫填充蜂窝纸板的制备方法及其性能。项目研究成果为产品防护设计提供新的理论依据，对植物纤维缓冲材料的优化设计具有重要工程价值。