北亚热带马尾松常绿落叶阔叶混交林植物叶功能性状及功能多样性对坡向梯度的响应

Studies on plant functional traits and functional diversity have been one of the hot topics in ecological studies in recent years, and leaf functional traits were studied as the entry point in the study of functional traits. Leaf functional traits are the bridge between plants and the environment, which can directly reflect the survival strategies for plants to adapt to different environmental changes. In this study, in order to systematically analyzes the interspecific difference and variation of leaf functional traits in plants, based on the ecology of plant functional traits, at the species and community level, three kinds of Pinus massoniana evergreen deciduous broad-leaved mixed forests community in the North Subtropical area will be investigated. And the change rule of functional diversity in different mixed forest communities along the slope gradient were also studied. The environmental screening effect of slope direction factors on leaf functional traits in different Pinus massoniana mixed forests were clarified, and the difference in physiological characteristics of plant leaves between species and the effect on community functional diversity in Pinus massoniana mixed forest community along with slope gradient were studied. Thus the distribution pattern of the community and adaptation strategies of plants to the environment in Pinus massoniana evergreen deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest along the slope gradient were revealed. The results can provide a theoretical reference for vegetation restoration and reconstruction, and biodiversity conservation of Pinus massoniana mixed forest community in North subtropical region.

植物功能性状与功能多样性研究是近年来生态学研究的热点问题之一，而在功能性状研究中将叶功能性状作为切入点被重点研究，叶功能性状是连接植物与环境的桥梁，可直接反映植物适应不同环境变化的生存对策。本项目以植物功能性状为基础，以北亚热带区马尾松常绿落叶阔叶混交林群落为研究对象，在物种及群落水平上系统分析了3种典型马尾松混交林植物叶功能性状的种间差异及变化规律，研究不同混交林群落功能多样性沿坡向梯度的变化规律，明确坡向因子对马尾松混交林叶功能性状的环境筛选效应，阐明沿坡向梯度马尾松混交林群落植物叶片生理特性的种间差异及对群落功能多样性的影响，从而揭示不同坡向梯度下马尾松常绿落叶阔叶混交林群落的分布格局和植物对环境的适应策略，以期为北亚热带区马尾松森林群落的植被恢复与重建及生物多样性保护提供理论参考。

植物功能性状是植物在进化和发展过程中对环境响应和适应的反映，它能对生态系统过程产生强烈影响。叶功能性状是连接植物与环境的桥梁，可直接反映植物适应不同环境变化的生存对策。项目以植物叶功能性状为切入点，以北亚热带区3种典型马尾松混交林群落为研究对象，在物种及群落水平上深入分析了不同马尾松林型植物叶功能性状、功能多样性及林地土壤水分及养分特性沿坡向梯度的变化规律，阐明不同马尾松林型植物叶生理特性的种间差异及对群落功能多样性的影响，从植物生理生态角度揭示不同环境梯度下马尾松林群落的分布格局及植物的生存适应策略。研究结果表明：1）从阴坡到阳坡，土壤含水量呈递减趋势，土壤温度，土壤有机碳、土壤全N和全P含量呈递增趋势，但不同林型表现不同。2）树种水平上，3种落叶树种的LNC和N:P比均高于马尾松常绿树种，而LCC和C:N比均低于马尾松。坡向与林型的相互作用导致4种林型叶化学计量特征在一定范围内波动，但总体保持稳定，研究区不同植物的生长受到P元素的制约。3）坡向对4种林型林下物种多样性有显著影响。物种多样性指数均由阴坡向阳坡依次递减，不同马尾松林型林下物种组成特征差异较大。4）多元性状功能丰富度与功能离散度均由阴坡向阳坡呈递减趋势，物种多样性指数与功能丰富度呈显著正相关。不同坡向生境下，功能多样性均表现为在阴坡>阳坡，说明阴坡生态位分化程度高，资源竞争较低，不同植物对资源的利用更有效，而阳坡生态位分化程度较低，资源竞争较为激烈，资源利用不充分。4种马尾松林型功能多样性大小变化顺序为 PQM>PLM>PPM>PF，即3种马尾松针阔混交林均大于马尾松纯林。研究结果可为北亚热带区不同环境梯度下马尾松森林植被群落的构建提供理论参考。. 项目资助发表核心论文1篇，待发表2篇。培养硕士研究生3名，其中1名已取得硕士学位，2名在读。项目资助经费24万元，支出14.7222万元，各项支出基本与预算相符。剩余经费9.2778万元，剩余经费计划用于本项目研究后续支出。