蒙药野罂粟繁殖特性及其种质资源多样性研究

Papaver nudicaule L. (Jirlig-amu-Tsetseg) is a perennial herbaceous plant, which had been collected in Mongolian Canon. It had long been applied in the Mongolian folk with the significant effects on cough relieving, asthma-relieving and diarrhea. However, with the great industry development, their distribution areas of nature resources have been decreased obviously. Therefore, it is key time to carrying out protections for P. nudicaule natural resources. In order to analyzing main effecting factors on their population distributions, we will select sample fields with significant differences in natural resources by which combining their population situations in different sample sites. Meanwhile, we will research pollination traits of P. nudicaule from synthesizing characteristics of their flowers, interviewers’ behaviors, or fertilization process by watching productive rules in different environmental conditions, and then clarify their breeding process; besides that, based on the principles of Mongolian medicinal administration route, we will combine internal or external character divergences between different population in P. nudicaule by using common or modern analysis methods. Furthermore, guided by multi-elements analysis, we will research reproductive ecology traits or environmental biology mechanisms on communities’ formations and then proclaim relevant principles between reproductive traits or quality characteristics and germplasm resources. In addition, in this study we also aim to provide scientific clues for resources protections, appropriate manufacturing fields’ determinations or medicinal quality controls of P. nudicaule.

野罂粟（Papaver nudicaule L.）收载于《蒙药正典》，主治久咳、喘息和久泻，在蒙古族民间沿用已久。近来作为“咳欣康”等中药的主要成分被广泛熟知并被大量开发，加之伴随工业化进程的加快，其自然分布区明显减少，开展野罂粟种质资源保护工作迫在眉睫。在前期工作基础上，围绕繁育机制、遗传背景、活性物质等种质资源保护的关键问题，本项目拟开展：（1）选择有代表性的野生居群进行定位观测，从花部综合特性、访花者行为和授粉过程等方面研究野罂粟的繁殖特性及其繁殖过程与规律，分析影响其居群分布与格局的自身生物学因素与环境主导因素；（2）依据传统蒙医的用药要求，运用现代分析手段，研究不同居群药材品质的综合性状差异及种质资源多样性；（3）借助多元统计分析，揭示野罂粟繁殖特性与其种群和资源分布的内在关系及其环境生物学机制，以期为野罂粟种质资源的科学保护和适宜生产基地确定以及资源评价和质量控制提供科学依据。

野罂粟（Papaver nudicaule L.）在蒙古族民间沿用已久，近来作为“咳欣康”主要成分被广泛熟知并被大量开发，其自然分布区明显减少，导致野罂粟种质资源保护工作迫在眉睫。本研究在前期工作基础上，针对繁育机制、遗传背景、活性物质等种质资源保护等关键问题，开展了以下工作内容：（1）选择12个代表性野生居群进行定位观测，从花部综合特性、访花者行为和授粉过程等方面研究野罂粟的繁殖特性及其繁殖过程与规律，分析了影响其居群分布与格局的自身生物学因素与环境主导因素；（2）采用现代分析手段，研究发现了不同居群药材在品质综合性状及遗传多样性上存在一定的差异；（3）借助多元统计分析，揭示了野罂粟繁殖特性与其种群和资源分布的内在关系及其环境生物学机制，研究结果将为野罂粟种质资源的科学保护和适宜生产基地确定以及资源评价和质量控制提供科学依据。