对羟基苯甲酸酯类在海湾食物链中生物放大效应与机理研究

Parabens (esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid) have been widely used as effective preservatives in a wide variety of food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical products. Although they are considered as "safe" preservatives, these substances have exhibited estrogenic activities in many in vivo and in vitro studies. Preliminary study of this project has shown that parabens are able to bioaccumulate and biomagnify in a Florida marine food web in the united states. However, the mechanism of bioaccumulation and biomagnification of parabens is still not clear. In this project, we are planning to select a marine food web in Dalian bay to further study the bioaccumulation and biomagnification mechanism of parabens as well as their marine environmental behavior and distribution characteristics. Potential effects of human exposure to parabens and their metabolites through consumption of marine foods was also investigated. In consideration of the fact that there is still considerable controversy in terms of the biomagnification effects of parabens, this study will provide further proof and information about the biomagnification capability of parabens as well as their environmental risk assessment.

对羟基苯甲酸酯类化合物（Parabens）作为优良且安全的防腐剂被广泛应用，但本课题前期工作首次发现了其在美国弗罗里达州亚热带盐水湖食物链中有生物放大效应。针对当前国内外对Parabens研究中尚存在的不明确之处，本项目拟选取大连湾食物网，研究Parabens在大连海湾生态环境中的污染特征及分布特点；研究Parabens的生物富集性和生物放大效应；阐明Parabens在鱼体内的生物放大机理；评估Parabens可能对人体健康造成的危害。本项目研究成果可以有效的解决学术界在Parabens的生物放大效应问题上存在的争议，对Parabens的环境风险定性提供科学数据和理论依据。

对羟基苯甲酸酯类化合物（Parabens）作为优良且安全的防腐剂被广泛应用在一系列消费品中。本项目选取了大连湾3个不同区域，针对6种对羟基苯甲酸酯和2种代谢产物在生物体（鱼，无脊椎动物，大型水生植物等）中进行了食物网放大研究。苯甲酸甲酯(MeP)在所有水生生物(100%)样本中检出。4-羟基苯甲酸(4-HB)最丰富的代谢物，在100%的水生生物生物都检出。食物链放大效应的研究主要针对MeP和4-HB这两种化合物。MeP营养放大因子(TMF)值为1.39，说明这种化合物在海洋食物网中有相当明显的生物积累和生物放大效应。相比之下，4-HB的TMF值较低 (0.857)，说明了该化合物在食物网中代谢。这是国内第一次完整检测苯甲酸酯及其代谢产物在鱼类、无脊椎动物、和海洋大型海藻中浓度趋势，并阐明MeP在海洋食物网中的生物放大潜力。