考虑性能需求的传统木结构建筑地震响应机理及抗震性能增强研究

The existing traditional timber architectures in the Southwest and Northwest earthquake zones of China and new traditional timber architectures during the process of implementing the ‘New Urbanization’，existed the problem of earthquake hazard and lack of theoretical guidance。Consider the seismic performance requirements, revealing wooden structures earthquake response mechanism and enhance the seismic performance has a great significance.According to the force mechanism of tenon joints， the internal tenon local compression deformation, contact friction， assembly gap aspect for the performance of tenon joints were studied by steel tenon - mortise and tenon wood - steel sockets of fine separation test and establishing finite element model ，and the unified tenon node parameters restoring force model should be proposed in the project..Under the traditional wooden architecture shape, the efficient enhanced energy components such as energy sparrow and tenon joint will be researched and developmented ，and the test of enhance tenon joint is to verify its effectiveness and reveals its energy consumption by enhancing mechanism. By cyclic loading test and introducing into the bottom of column slip friction model，the influence tenon joint of the mechanism of the seismic performance of the timber frame will be studied, the timber frame resilience equivalent model will be build. Theoretical work on traditional wooden architecture seismic performance analysis of needs and goals will be carried out, through the whole structure shaking table test and dynamic nonlinear finite element analysis, the seismic response mechanism to improve their seismic design methods will be explored. And a solid theoretical foundation for both new and traditional wooden architecture and design evaluation will be provided.

中国西南、西北等地震高烈度区现存的传统木结构建筑以及新型城镇化进程中新建的传统木结构建筑，均存在较大地震隐患且缺乏理论指导。考虑抗震性能需求，揭示木结构建筑地震响应机理并增强其抗震性能，意义重大。本项目针对典型榫卯节点受力特点，通过钢榫-木卯和木榫-钢卯的分离试验并建立精细有限元模型，研究榫卯内部局压变形、接触摩擦及装配间隙对其性能的影响，提出榫卯节点参数化统一恢复力模型。尊重传统木结构建筑形制，研发高效、适用的耗能雀替和耗能榫卯等增强部件，通过试验验证其有效性并揭示其耗能增强机理。通过低周反复试验并引入柱脚摩擦滑移模型，研究榫卯节点性能对木构架抗震性能的影响机理，构建木构架等效恢复力模型。开展传统木结构建筑抗震性能需求及目标的理论分析，通过整体结构振动台试验及动力非线性有限元分析，探究其抗震响应机理并完善其抗震设计方法。为既有和新建传统木结构建筑的评价和设计提供坚实的理论基础。

传统木结构建筑是中国传统文化的瑰宝，凝聚了中国古代建造技艺的智慧结晶，是世界建筑史中不可缺少的重要建筑形式。近年来，随着新型城镇化工作中对文化传承、地域特点、民族特色的重视，不少地区着力打造历史文化街区及旅游文化景点，传统木结构建筑作为一种秉承了中国传统历史文化意义的建筑形式，在城市更新和改造中被广泛地应用。然而，传统木结构建筑的结构抗震理念有别于现代建筑结构，在赋予传统木结构建筑新的使用功能时，需要对传统木结构建筑的抗震性能进行系统性的研究。.本项目开展了三个方面研究内容：首先，针对传统木结构建筑典型榫卯节点受力特点，探明了榫卯内部局压变形及接触摩擦对其抗震性能的影响，通过榫卯节点试验研究、有限元参数化模拟以及理论推导，提出了基于几何、物理参数的榫卯节点参数化统一恢复力模型，解决了现有研究中榫卯恢复力模型依赖于试验研究的问题。然后，依据传统木结构建筑特点，研发出高效、适用的耗能雀替和耗能榫卯等构件，通过试验验证其有效性并揭示了耗能增强机理，并将耗能雀替增强榫卯节点技术在风清月白殿、紫藤园楠木阁等传统木结构建筑项目中进行了应用。最后，开展了传统木结构建筑整体结构振动台试验及整体建筑动力非线性分析，探究了整体结构的抗震响应机理，提出了适宜的传统木结构建筑性能需求目标，建立了传统木结构建筑的设计方法。.本项目的研究成果为我国新建传统木结构建筑的抗震设计和既有传统木结构建筑的鉴定评估提供了技术依据，为相关标准规范的编制修订提供参考依据，为推动我国传统建筑文化的传承和发扬做出贡献。