多目标优化导向的内蒙古西部草原民居被动式超低能耗建筑营造策略研究

High energy consumption of building, poor indoor thermal comfort and low utilization rate of renewable energy are the prominent problems of the prairie residential building in western Inner Mongolia. This project is based on the multi-objective optimization oriented, combining ABC(artificial bee colony), BPNN(BP neural network) and DesignBuilder, also using the methods of multi-objective optimization, numerical simulation analysis, comparative analysis and theoretical analysis, constructing the ABC-BPNN multi-objective optimization model, and then use it to study the building energy saving structural system of envelope structure. Based on the principle of multi-energy complementary, grade coupling and timing matching, it research a coupling heating system integration configuration of multi-energy which combines solar energy, wind energy, Kang and radiator heating, reveal a dynamic heat balance principle of multi-energy coupling which includes solar energy, wind energy, Kang and radiator heating, and it establish a dynamic heat balance mechanism of multi-energy coupling which includes solar energy, wind energy, Kang and radiator heating, and concise the construction strategy which has the regional characteristics, effective and fast,multi-objective optimization function. Looking forward to exploring a new idea of passive and ultra-low energy consumption of residential construction for prairie residential building in western Inner Mongolia and offering help to reduce the heating energy consumption of prairie residential building in western Inner Mongolia, improve the quality of residential environment and promote the efficient use of solar energy and wind energy. Also this project will has important significance to promote the development of local green residential buildings.

建筑能耗高、室内热舒适度差、可再生能源利用率低是内蒙古西部草原民居突出的问题。本项目以多目标优化为导向，将改进的人工蜂群算法、BP神经网络与Designbuilder软件相结合，运用多目标优化、数值模拟分析、对比分析、理论分析等方法，建立ABC-BPNN多目标优化模型，利用该模型对建筑围护结构节能构造体系进行优化研究，以“多能互补、品位耦合、时序匹配”为基点，研究太阳能、风能、火炕、散热器供暖等多能耦合供暖系统集成配制，揭示太阳能、风能、火炕、散热器供暖多能耦合动态热平衡供热机理，建立太阳能、风能、火炕、散热器供暖多能耦合动态热平衡供热机制，凝练具有地域特色、高效快捷与多目标优化功能的被动式超低能耗建筑营造策略；探究内蒙古西部草原民居被动式超低能耗建筑营造的新思路，为减少内蒙古西部草原民居供暖能耗、提高居住环境质量、促进太阳能与风能高效利用提供帮助，对促进发展当地绿色居住建筑具有重要意义。

在目前能源与环境问题备受瞩目的形势下，节能、舒适、环保已成为建筑领域关注的重要课题。内蒙古西部草原民居绝大多数为沿袭传统粗放模式的自建房，保温性能较差。尽管环境质量较以前有了不少改善，但仍然存在建筑能耗较高、室内热舒适度较差、居住环境质量差、太阳能与风能资源利用率较低等问题，针对这些问题课题组开展了以下研究。. 本课题以多目标优化为导向，采用能耗模拟软件DesignBuilder与BIM技术相结合的手段，将改进的人工蜂群算法、BP神经网络与BIM相结合，运用多目标优化、数值模拟分析、对比分析、理论分析等方法，建立ABC-BPNN-BIM多目标优化平台与模型，并利用该平台与模型对建筑空间、平面布局与围护结构节能构造体系进行优化研究，研究太阳能、风能、火炕、散热器供暖等多能耦合供暖系统集成配制，揭示太阳能、风能、火炕、散热器供暖多能耦合动态热平衡供热机理，凝练具有地域特色、信息化手段、高效快捷与多目标优化功能的被动式超低能耗绿色居住建筑营造策略；期待探究内蒙古西部草原民居被动式超低能耗绿色居住建筑营造的新思路，为减少内蒙古西部草原民居供暖能耗、提高居住环境质量、促进太阳能与风能高效利用提供帮助，对促进当地人居环境可持续发展与发展地域绿色居住建筑具有重要意义。