新疆和田地区策勒县多种可再生能源互补发电模式与智能控制研究

There are abundant of renewable energy resources what have been not exploited in Cele of Xinjiang, because the electricity supply is still scarce in rural areas of Cele , a large number of vegetation was felled for household energy instead of electricity, and it lead to serious damage to the ecological balance. In order to deal with the problem, The project proposed to build solar power and wind power(intermittent, uncontrollable), hydro and geothermal energy (continuous, controllable) reasonable complementary features new energy smart power mode, the formation of a stable energy supplying system at the time and capacity. The key of study is to try to find measurement methods of felling of vegetation to energy equivalent; trying to find energy supply district boundaries principle about the cell load center and load on the basis of the local rural farmers grid structure; trying to find intelligent control of micro-bus power system based on fuzzy control strategy to build a variety of renewable energy complementary power supplying; the effectiveness of strategy proposed for variety of renewable energy complementary power generation mode and intelligent control is verified with digital simulation software in Cele. Promoting the results of the project in the south Xinjiang, the ecological environment and living standards are improved at a large extent, the agricultural irrigation function is improved largely, The degree of dependency is reduced on the surrounding ecological resources and traditional energy, it form mode on long-term benefits of rural energy supplying.

新疆策勒县具有丰富的可再生能源资源，但是目前没有开发利用，农村电能供给仍然匮乏，只能砍伐植被代替电能作为生活能源，严重破坏生态平衡，鉴于此问题，本项目提出在时间和容量上构建太阳能和风能（间歇、不可控）与水能和地热能（持续、可控）合理互补功能的新能源智能供电模式，形成稳定的能源供给体系。研究的关键内容：砍伐植被与电能等量计量方法研究；依据当地乡村农电网结构和负荷分布特点，确定小区负荷中心和负荷量及能源供给小区边界界定原则研究；基于模糊控制策略构建多种可再生能源互补供电及智能控制的微型母线供电体系研究；采用电力系统数字仿真软件对本项目提出的策勒县多种可再生能源互补发电模式与智能控制策略的有效性进行验证。项目成果推广到新疆南疆地区应用，预计可改善该地区的生态环境和居民生活水平，逐步实现其农业灌溉功能，减少对周围生态资源和传统能源的依赖，形成具有长远效益的农村能源供给模式。

针对紧邻沙漠的新疆策勒县电能匮乏、主要靠砍伐沙漠植被燃烧炊饮取暖沐浴问题，以可再生资源是否富有提炼敏感因子，建立了风光水热多种可再生能源富有度评估指标体系；对主要沙生植被进行燃烧产生热值与相应消耗电能产生热值的等量化计算，确定了策勒县电能源潜在需求量。以电能需求是否重要提炼关键因子，建立了电能源需求重要度评估指标体系；基于可再生资源富有敏感因子和电能需求重要关键因子，建立了多种权重因子加权平均求和获取能源供电小区范围域的计算模型，确定了策勒县三级区划方案。提出了构建风光能（间歇、不可控）与水热能（持续、可控）合理互补功能的绿色能源集中式并网和分布式供荷模式。.发现了绿色能源集中式并网存在只能解决策勒县30%用电需求、不能保护沙漠植被的缺陷，提出了构造风光储共用直流母线发电架构、采用单一逆变器和变压器降低成本、减少弃风光电量、提高效率且控制简单的风光储互补分布式并网或孤岛式离网供荷模式。设计了基于V2控制的双Cuk变换器共享一套逆变器的直流母线拓扑结构，制定了风光发电偏差调节方案和恒压控制策略及定电压跟踪法与模糊变步长算法结合的风光MPPT统一控制算法。.为了避免风光互补发电电压偏差超出阈值范围时只能卸荷弃风电或弃光电缺陷、砍伐沙漠植被破坏生态平衡缺陷、风光电波动性和间歇性引起供电质量不稳定缺陷，在逆变器直流侧母线加装小容量的蓄电池组，以超出阈值弃风光电量给储能充电和沙漠植被砍伐电能替代量由储能放电为目标，采用储能充电概率统计法、储能放电与负荷峰谷差之间的拐点关系，配置4%左右储能经济容量。采用曲线寻找拐点方法，获得了风光最佳装机容量配比为1:3。制定了超出偏差阈值时的弃风光电量对储能充电（平抑波动偏差）和替代沙漠植被砍伐时的电能需求量由储能放电（跟随负荷）九宫分区控制判据和充放电模糊控制策略。.研发了数字物理动模的风、光、储、水、热等电能监控平台，仿真测试验证表明该方法切实可行有效。