Aging is the most significant risk factor for a range of degenerative disorders. The regulation of aging is multifactorial, while mitochondrial damage has been implicated in the aging process and the onset and progression of age-associated diseases. Therefore, developing therapeutics to improve mitochondrial biogenesis (namely increasing mitochondrial number) and/or its function is an attractive strategy for prevention or delay of aging and age-associated diseases. SIRT1-PGC-1α,eNOS-PGC-1αand AMPK-PGC-1α are the main signal pathways involved in the mitochondrial biogenesis. Studies of calorie restriction (CR) have also indicated that stimulating mitochondrial biogenesis may be a new action mode for anti-oxidative mechanism. Our previous studies have indicated that the primary component of traditional Chinese medicine Rhodiola, salidroside, showed a potent anti-aging effect in vitro and in vivo; however, the .mechanism remains unknown. In this project, experiments are designed to further explore its related mechanisms. Human diploid fibroblast (2BS and WI-38) cell lines which have been widely used as cellular senescence models are used. Firstly, the stimulatory effect of salidroside on mitochondrial biogenesis and function is investigated in 2BS and WI-38 cells. Secondly, the regulatory effect of salidroside on the mitochondrial biogenesis-related signal pathways including SIRT1-PGC-1α, eNOS-PGC-1α and AMPK-PGC-1α will be investigated by molecular detection and using the corresponding inhibitors. According to our planed work, we will provide the precise mechanisms of salidroside regarding its anti-aging effect and thus inspires a new idea for prevention or delay of aging and age-associated diseases.
线粒体的数量和功能与生物体的衰老及退行性疾病的发生发展有紧密联系,SIRT1-PGC-1α、eNOS-PGC-1α和AMPK-PGC-1α是线粒体生物合成的主要信号转导通路。热量限制研究表明,促进线粒体生物合成(即增加其数量)是延缓衰老的机制之一,也可能是抗氧化活性的一种新方式。我们的前期研究表明中药红景天主要成分- - 红景天苷具有良好的延缓衰老的作用,但其作用机制尚待阐明。为了进一步探索其机制,本课题采用衰老研究的模式细胞- - 人胚肺二倍体成纤维细胞2BS和WI-38,拟从促进线粒体生物合成的角度明确红景天苷促进线粒体生物合成的活性和抗氧化活性,并观察线粒体功能的改变;进而以分子表达检测、采用抑制剂等方法,研究红景天苷对SIRT1-PGC-1α、eNOS-PGC-1α和AMPK-PGC-1α等通路的调控作用,从而阐明红景天苷的作用靶点,为寻找延缓衰老和防治老年性疾病的药物提供新思路。
探索衰老机制,寻找干预衰老进程、提高老年人生命和生活质量的有效途径是有效实施“健康老龄化”的重要内容。热量限制研究表明,促进线粒体生物合成是延缓生物体衰老的机制之一,也是减少机体氧化应激的一种新方式,PGC-1α是调控线粒体生物合成的中枢开关分子,其主要受到上游调控分子SIRT1、AMPK和eNOS等的调节。我们采用衰老研究的模式细胞人胚肺二倍体成纤维细胞2BS 和WI-38,在前期研究发现红景天苷具有良好的延缓衰老活性的基础上,本课题研究发现进一步证实了红景天苷和白藜芦醇的延缓细胞衰老及抗氧化活性,该机制与其显著促进成纤维细胞的线粒体生物合成相关,表现为上调细胞活力,促进近复制衰老细胞(50PD)中线粒体数量增加并下调其活性氧自由基(ROS)水平,部分逆转50PD细胞线粒体膜电位的下降,促进ATP生成并上调ATP 合成酶β和呼吸链NADH 脱氢酶ND6 的表达;同时诱导PGC-1α及其下游的线粒体生物合成相关因子包括线粒体转录因子A(TFAM)、核呼吸因子(NFR1、NRF2)的表达增加,红景天苷(5-10μM)的抗氧化活性和促进线粒体生物合成的作用与白藜芦醇(5-10μM)效果相当。机制学研究表明,红景天苷逆转近复制衰老细胞中SIRT1的蛋白表达下降,使其上升并接近年轻细胞(28PD)水平,上调SIRT1表达具有一定的剂量依赖性,在5-10μM效果最佳,与白藜芦醇相似;采用SIRT1抑制剂sirtinol 20μM和NAM(尼克酰胺)12.5mM可以抑制红景天苷和白藜芦醇诱导的线粒体数量增加和ROS下降,NAM抑制效果更佳。另外,AMPKα磷酸化水平在红景天苷和白藜芦醇的分别作用下均显著增加,其抑制剂8Br-AMP 50μM则能有效抑制两者诱导的线粒体增加和ROS水平下调;Western Blot 无法检测到2BS和WI-38细胞中eNOS的表达,eNOS抑制剂L-NAME(NG-硝基-L-精氨酸甲酯)对两者作用后的线粒体数量和ROS水平无显著影响。综上所述,本项目研究结果证实了红景天苷具有促进线粒体生物合成的活性,在人成纤维细胞中,红景天苷通过激活SIRT1和AMPKα发挥促进线粒体生物合成的作用,可能也是其发挥延缓细胞衰老的机制之一,为红景天苷和白藜芦醇在抗衰老领域中的进一步应用提供了科学依据,同时也为寻找延缓衰老和防治老年性疾病的药物提供了新策略。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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