自动变速器离合器直接换挡阀大流量下压力高速响应机理

Small-scale, high-precision and high-speed solenoid valves used for directly driving shifting clutches are studied in this project. By controlling the dynamic movement of the valve spool, the mechanism of high-speed pressure response under large flow is studied in-depth. Combining the computational fluid mechanics with the finite element method, the dynamic fluid-solid coupling simulation method is studied when the valve spool moves with non-uniform high-speed and impacts elastically with the limited structure at the end stroke of the valve spool. The empirical calculation formulae for the steady and dynamic flow force and friction force are proposed and verified by tests. Based on the modeling concept of combining basic elements of any physical systems, the dynamic modeling and simulation method for the multi-physics coupled system is studied and validated by tests. By input-output analysis and sensitivity analysis, the multi-physics optimization is conducted for the electro-magenetic-mechanic-hydraulic-control coupled system, which provides strong theoretical guidance for the design, optimization and control of small-scale, high-precision and high-quality clutch hydraulic control systems.

本项目以实现液力自动变速器离合器直接换挡的小型高精度高速电磁阀为对象，通过阀芯动态过程控制，探讨大流量状态下压力高速响应机理。将计算流体力学和非线性有限元法相结合，研究流体在阀芯高速运动和限位端弹性碰撞过程中的流-固耦合动态仿真方法，提出稳动态液流阻力和摩擦力的经验计算公式，并加以试验验证；基于最小元素组合建模理念，研究多物理场耦合系统动力学仿真方法，并加以试验验证，通过输入-输出分析和灵敏度分析，进行电-磁-机械-液压-控制耦合系统的多学科优化，为小型高精度高品质离合器液压控制系统的设计、优化和控制提供理论指导。

本项目以实现自动变速器湿式离合器直接换挡的小型高精度高速电磁阀为对象，通过阀芯动态过程控制，探讨大流量下的压力高速响应机理。提出了换挡过程中离合器压力的自适应控制方法，获得直接换挡阀的快速、精准压力控制目标，提出了直接换挡阀的试验测试方法和标准；联合计算流体力学和非线性有限元法，建立了直接换挡阀中机械-液压复合传动系统的流-固耦合模型，研究其液流特性；建立了直接换挡阀的“电-磁-机械-液压-控制”耦合系统的动力学模型，研究在阀芯高速运动和与限位端弹性碰撞过程中的压力响应特性，分析了电磁力、液流阻力、剪切阻力对压力变化率、迟滞量等关键性能的影响；基于输入-输出分析和参数灵敏度分析，确定了槽口结构及其尺寸、阀芯与滑套的间隙、密封长度和温度等关键参数对阀的动态响应的影响及规律；构建了直接换挡阀的关键性能指标考核体系，提出直接换挡阀的多目标多约束优化设计模型。试验结果证实，上述成果可为小型高精度高品质离合器液压控制系统的设计、优化和控制提供理论指导。