基于船舶能流优化配置的多模式CO2冷热电联产系统

In order to improve the total efficiency of a ship system under all operating conditions, this project proposes “multi-modes CO2-based combined cooling, heating and power system based on allocation optimization of energy stream for a ship” according to the idea of “high-efficiency recovery of waste heat and allocation optimization of energy stream”. On the one hand, using CO2 as the working fluid could achieve combined highly recovery of high- and low-temperature waste heats of ship by special character of the fluid. On the other hand, a novel configuration of system is adopted to achieve allocation optimization of energy stream by multi-modes operation. Through theoretical and experimental research, this project consists of following sub-topics based on operation of multi-modes and all condition: ①construction of CO2-based combined cooling, heating and power system and evaluation based on total efficiency; ②optimization of key thermodynamic components of CO2-based combined cooling, heating and power system; ③regulation and control of energy stream of CO2-based combined cooling, heating and power system. Based on the researches above, optimization of total efficiency of the ship under the operation of multi-modes and all condition is obtained. This project enriches and develops the theory of thermodynamics cycle for waste heat recovery, which shows important scientific significances as well as practical values.

为了提升船舶系统全工况下的总能效率，本项目根据“余热高效回收，能流优化配置”的思路，提出了“基于船舶能流优化配置的多模式CO2冷热电联产系统”，通过CO2独特物性实现高效回收船舶高低温余热，通过新型系统结构实现冷热电能流优化配置的多模式运行。基于理论分析和实验测试开展：①多模式全工况下CO2冷热电联产系统构建与总能效率评价；②多模式全工况下CO2冷热电联产系统关键热力过程优化；③多模式全工况下CO2冷热电联产系统能流调节与控制。基于上述系统、过程及运行优化研究，最终实现“基于CO2冷热电联产系统多模式全工况下船舶总能效率优化”的研究目标。该研究可丰富和发展余热回收的热力循环理论，具有重要的科学意义和实用价值。

本项目开展了多模式CO2冷热电联产系统研究，以期实现内燃机余热高效回收、瞬变工况高效运行、多模式多联产协同运行的目标。为此，从CO2多联产系统构建、关键热力过程优化、系统能流调节与控制等角度开展了深入研究。本项目按预定目标完成了项目制定的研究内容：1）构建了多种多联产循环系统，具体包括耦合喷射器、运行混合工质、子循环组分可调的多种构型；2）综合考虑传热、压降、重量三方面因素的影响，提出了适用于内燃机余热回收的CO2-烟气换热器综合性能评价指标，设计、研制并改进了印刷电路板式烟气-CO2换热器；3）研制了CO2工质冷电联合循环原理验证样机，开展了CO2冷电联合循环多模式运行与切换实验研究，获得了系统动态仿真模型与动态特性规律，建立了CO2冷电联合循环及整车系统动态仿真模型，提出了多变热源下的控制方法。通过本项目的开展，共发表SCI论文22篇，申请发明专利5项，在国内外学术会议做邀请报告2次，共计培养博硕士研究生6名，能源动力类全国百篇优秀（本科）毕业论文1名，支撑项目负责人入选中科院青促会会员项目。