考虑多性能耦合的船舶综合能源系统多能协同优化方法研究

The various power generations’ operating parameters of multi-energy ships are frequently changed with the working conditions, which makes the integrated energy system (IES) exhibit complex coupling relationship in the multi-dimensional performances of stability, economy and environmental protection. Thus the energy management system cannot effectively coordinate the power output of the power generations in real time, so that the advantages of multi-energy complementation cannot be fully utilized. This project is planned to focus on the “multi-energy cooperative optimization method of ship integrated energy system considering multi-performance coupling”: the quantitative evaluation method of IES stability, reliability, economy and environmental protection under multiple working conditions is studied, and then the multi-dimensional performance evaluation model for multi-energy ship IES collaborative optimization is established. Based on the model, the multi-objective optimization method based on Pareto is used to study the coupling characteristics of ship IES performance evaluation indexes under multiple working conditions. According to the research conclusions, an adaptive dynamic collaborative optimization method is studied the foe ship IES based on prior knowledge, and a test platform is built and the performance of the proposed method is tested. This research would reveal the coupling relationship of performances of ship IES under multiple working conditions, and provide theoretical basis for the application of online multi-energy collaborative optimization method. Moreover, this study has important practical significance for ensuring the operational reliability of multi-energy ships and improving ship energy efficiency.

多能源船舶各类电源的工作参数伴随工况频繁变化，使综合能源系统（Integrated Energy System，IES）在稳定、经济、环保等多维度上的性能呈现出复杂的耦合关系，导致能源管理系统不能实时有效地协调各电源出力，从而无法充分发挥多能互补的优势。本项目拟围绕“考虑多性能耦合的船舶综合能源系统多能协同优化方法”展开研究：通过研究多工况下IES稳定、可靠、经济、环保四种性能的量化评价方法，构建多能源船舶IES协同优化的多维性能评价模型；基于该模型，采用基于帕累托最优的多目标优化方法研究多工况下船舶IES性能评价指标间的耦合关系；根据研究结论，探索基于先验知识的船舶IES自适应动态协同优化方法，并搭建测试平台进行试验验证。相关研究可揭示多工况下船舶IES多维性能的耦合关系，为在线多能协同优化方法的应用提供理论依据，对保障多能源船舶的运行可靠性，提升船舶能效具有重要的实际意义。

多种能源船舶由于电源种类的增多，使系统结构和供能机制发生了较复杂的变化。与常规的单一能源船舶不同，多能源船舶综合能源系统（Integrated Energy System，IES）在稳定性、可靠性、经济性及环保性等多个维度上的性能优势存在一定的耦合关系。本项目研究了多工况下多能源船舶IES稳定、可靠、经济及环保四种性能的量化评价方法，并基于帕累托（Pareto）最优的多目标优化理论推导了性能评价指标间的耦合关系，最终形成船舶IES的自适应多能协同优化方法，实现了船舶IES的可靠供能及节能降碳。本课题研究工作形成的重要结果包括：第一，针对多能源船舶IES研究并构造了性能评价指标表达范式，完成了多工况下船舶IES性能关键影响因子的筛选以及权重系数的计算，为进一步探索性能评价指标的耦合关系以及自适应协同优化方法提供了理论支撑。第二，针对多能协同优化问题解空间的高维性，构建了基于协同进化的多目优化框架，进而实现对优化问题的降维；同时，围绕船舶IES多维性能评价模型中的多约束问题展开研究，提出了一种新型的个体评价标准，研究并形成了基于ρg/μg参数的解约束方法，有效提升了算法对可行域的搜索能力，并根据求解得到的Pareto方案集研究了不同电源组合及不同工况下多维性能指标间耦合关系的演变规律，实现对性能耦合关系的量化描述；第三，引入船舶IES性能评价指标的耦合度函数及相关度指数作为先验知识，研究并建立了基于船舶IES先验知识的离线-在线多目标优化框架，使优化算法对船舶IES多能协同优化问题的可行域有较高的收敛速度。仿真实验验证了在线优化算法对全局最优性能指标的跟踪能力，同时依托船舶混合动力系统小比例试验平台开展试验研究，进一步验证了多能源船舶IES模型的正确性和多能协同优化方法的可行性和自适应性。相关研究可为多能源船舶IES在线协同优化方法的应用提供理论依据，对保障多能源船舶的运行可靠性，提升IES的经济效益和生态效益具有重要意义。