二氧化钒纳米晶的规模化制备及其红外性能优化

The aim of this project is to fabricate VO2(M) nanocrystals by using hydrothermal method combined with argon plasma arc technique,to study the influence of fabrication parameters on the morphology, size and size distribution, dispersity and crystallinity of the products, to develop the mass-production technique of VO2(M) nanocrystals with controllable phase transition temperature and excellent infrared performance; to study the stability of VO2(M) nanocrystals colloid, to prepare VO2(M) nanocrystals composite films with adjustable infrared properties, to reveal the influence of the morphology, size and doping on the visible transmissivity and infrared performance of the VO2(M) nanocrystals composite films; to realize the control of phase transition temperature and infrared aiming efficiency. And through this study to make breakthrough in fabricating technique, bring innovation in the research of materials physics, and set foundation in developing high performance infrared material and application. VO2(M) is kind of functional metal oxide with reversible phase transition, in which the infrared reversibly changes from transmission to reflectance upon the phase transition, and has important applications in the fields of thermochromic glass and building energy conservation, and is one of the research hotspots in nanomaterial sciences. And thus, the study on the mass production and infrared performance optimization of VO2(M) nanocrystals has not only an important scientific significance but also application value as well.

本项目采用水热合成方法，结合氩气等离子体弧技术制备单斜相二氧化钒纳米晶（VO2(M)），研究制备工艺参数对产物的形貌、尺寸及其分布、分散性和结晶性的影响，发展相变温度可控、具有优异红外性能的VO2(M)纳米晶的的规模化制备技术。研究VO2(M)纳米晶胶体的稳定性，制备出具有优异红外调控性能VO2(M)纳米晶复合薄膜，揭示纳米晶形貌、尺寸和掺杂量对复合薄膜可见光透过率和红外性能的影响规律，实现相变温度和红外调光效率的可控。在制备技术上有突破，在材料物理研究上有创性，为发展高性能红外调控纳米材料奠定一定的基础。VO2(M)是一种具有可逆相变的功能金属氧化物材料，相变前后红外光产生由透射向反射的可逆转变，在热致变色玻璃和建筑智能节能等领域具有重要的应用，是当前纳米材料科学研究的热点之一。因此，开展VO2(M)纳米晶的规模化制备和红外性能优化研究，不仅具有重要的科学意义，而且具有重要的应用价值。

通过水热合成结合低温退火处理，实现了VO2(M)纳米颗粒的宏量制备（公斤级）；发展了一种利用阳极氧化金属钒直接制备高品质非晶VO2胶体的方法，借助空气中低温快速热处理，实现了非晶VO2胶体（膜）直接转变为VO2(M) 纳米颗粒（膜）；以TiO2纳米晶（薄膜）作为籽晶（层），结合水热处理，实现了VO2(M)/TiO2复合纳米颗粒（薄膜）的可控制备，复合薄膜的相变温度可以调制到室温附近，相变前后的红外调制幅度高于55 %，电阻变化3个数量级；发明了一种VO2(P)纳米晶合成方法，发现了VO2同质异构体之间新的物相演化规律；成功构筑出基于Ag纳米线或ITO透明导电电极的VO2(M) 纳米颗粒复合薄膜器件，通过外加电压，实现了复合薄膜器件红外性能的动态调控。