复杂产品装配工艺图解图自动生成方法研究

This project intends to study an approach to auto-generate assembly process illustration diagram for the complex products which are comprised of a huge number of components and use lightweight models. Firstly, the line path oriented assembly interference detection optimization algorithm and the assembly constraints reconfiguration method will be explored and the interference matrix and connection matrix of large assemblies will be auto-generated so as to overcome the shortcomings of the current methods: time-consuming, prone to breakdown, unable to check the lightweight model correctly and hard to obtain the assembly constraint parameters. Then, the assembly layout structure based explosion sequence planning method will be studied to achieve the exploded view oriented multi-route concurrent and hierarchical disassembly sequence. This project also intends to study the selective explosion sequence planning method to generate the local exploded view for specific objects and support subassembly explosion for the fewest disassembly operations. Furthermore, this project will propose the approach to auto-generate the exploded view which is completely exploded, well arranged and consistent in structure relationship. Based on this, the static and dynamic assembly process illustration diagram will be proposed to mimic the assembly process based on the exploded view to produce the illustrations with the best point of view and clear technical annotations, output the timeline based simulation video and support the interactive electronic technical manual. Finally, the application system will be developed, which will be highly effective and easy to operate and integrate.

面向零部件数目庞大、三角面片模型表示的复杂产品，开展装配工艺图解图自动生成方法的研究。首先，研究线形路径装配干涉检测优化算法和装配约束重构方法，自动生成大装配体干涉矩阵及连接矩阵，解决现有方法运算时间过长、易崩溃、无法精确检测轻量化模型、难以得到装配约束参数等问题；进而，研究基于装配布局结构的爆炸序列规划方法，获得多路线并行化及层次化的零部件拆卸序列；研究选择性爆炸序列规划方法，实现对指定目标的局部爆炸，支持拆卸操作最少的组件式爆炸；研究复杂产品爆炸图生成方法，快速生成爆炸完全、布局美观、结构一致的爆炸图；基于此，研究静态及动态装配工艺图解图生成方法，基于爆炸图模拟工艺过程，建立具有最佳观察视角及工艺标注清晰的分步图解图，输出基于时间轴的仿真视频，支持可交互电子技术文档。最后，开发相应的软件系统，该系统将具有效率高、易操作及集成性好等特点。

装配工艺图解图采用图形化或可视化的方式揭示装配构型、零部件安装及拆卸工艺等，在复杂产品装配工艺设计和表达等方面具有重要的作用。因此在项目资助下，研究提出了复杂产品的静动态装配工艺图解图的自动生成方法，设计和开发了软件系统AeroAssem，实现了相应功能，主要进展如下：.（1）实现了从三角面片表示的CAD模型中自动提取装配干涉矩阵和装配连接矩阵。该方法在效率和精度方面远优于同类方法，且无需复杂的装配约束和拓扑信息，不依赖于特定的商业CAD系统或CAD模型。.（2）提出了大装配体爆炸序列规划方法, 基于装配连接矩阵和装配干涉矩阵识别装配优先关系和布局结构，快速生成并行化及层次化爆炸序列，从而生成高质量的爆炸图，同时也在很大程度上缩小了装配序列优化计算的解空间。.（3）基于爆炸序列自动生成爆炸完全、空间紧凑和结构一致的爆炸图，基于装配布局结构进行装配工艺过程的分步图解、捕捉爆炸视图的最佳观察视角、实现排布美观且无交叉的工艺标注，形成静态工艺图解图。基于XML和DirectX等技术实现动态装配工艺图解图，输出基于时间轴的、可标记的装配工艺仿真视频，得到可交互的电子技术文档。.（4）项目组基于已有的装配设计系统AeroAssem开发了与上述研究内容对应的功能模块，通过CAD API对UG NX等CAD软件进行二次开发，基于装配数据衍变方法和CAD API代理等技术实现与CAD软件的高度集成，该系统功能完备、操作简单、易于实施，能够更好地支持中小制造企业。