可植入式葡萄糖敏感水凝胶光纤设计和合成研究

In recent years, optical devices based on glucose-sensitive hydrogels have attracted great interests in biomedical research. However, one of the fundamental challenges in this field is the high optical loss in biological tissue due to the scattering and absorption. Optical fibers as great light-guiding media have shown distinct advantages in detection of biological and chemical molecules such as low optical loss, small size and strong anti-interference, etc. However, the conventional optical fibers, commonly made of glass and plastics, are not compatible with the biological system. Long-term implantation of the optical fibers can cause serious infection and immune reactions. Moreover, the stiff nature of the fiber may damage the biological tissue during implantation. This project proposes the design and fabrication of a low-loss, implantable glucose-sensitive hydrogel optical fiber. The optical fiber with step index core-clad structure, is made of biocompatible and glucose sensitive hydrogels by using methods such as UV polymerization, chemical bounding and dip-coating technique. The proposed hydrogel fiber is supposed to solve the problems of light penetration and biocompatibility of optical glucose sensor in long-term implantation. This project is of great significance for diagnosis and treatment of diabetes and to alleviate the suffering of the patients during blood glucose monitoring.

近年来，基于葡萄糖敏感性水凝胶材料的可植入式光学器件在生物医学领域引起广泛的研究兴趣。然而，由于光在生物组织中的强吸收和散射等高损耗特性，限制了光信号的有效传输，使得光学传感器实现可植入及长期连续的血糖监测面临挑战。光纤作为一种光传导介质，在生物、化学分子的检测中，具有传输损耗低、尺寸小、抗干扰能力强等优势。然而，光纤的材料通常由玻璃或者塑料构成，生物兼容性差，长期植入会引起人体免疫和炎症反应。而且，光纤材质坚硬，易损伤生物组织。本项目提出设计一种低损耗、可植入式葡萄糖敏感水凝胶光纤。采用生物兼容葡萄糖敏感水凝胶材料，结合紫外固化、化学键合及浸渍涂覆等方法，制备纤芯-包层阶跃折射率光纤，可同时解决光学葡萄糖传感器体内植入所面临的导光和生物兼容问题。本项目对于糖尿病的诊断和治疗，减小患者在血糖监测过程中的痛苦具有重要意义和应用前景。

近年来，基于葡萄糖敏感性水凝胶材料的可植入式光学器件在生物医学领域引起广泛的研究兴趣。然而，由于光在生物组织中的强吸收和散射等高损耗特性，限制了光信号的有效传输，使得光学传感器实现可植入及长期连续的血糖监测面临挑战。光纤作为一种光传导介质，在生物、化学分子的检测中，具有传输损耗低、尺寸小、抗干扰能力强等优势。然而，光纤的材料通常由玻璃或者塑料构成，生物兼容性差，长期植入会引起人体免疫和炎症反应。而且，光纤材质坚硬，易损伤生物组织。. 本项目提出设计一种植入式水凝胶光纤用于连续血糖监测。工作采用生物兼容聚丙烯酰胺 (Polyacrylamide, PAAm)水凝胶为基体材料，对其进行葡萄糖敏感修饰，合成制备了线性、快速响应的葡萄糖敏感水凝胶。在合成材料的基础上，结合模具成型及紫外固化等方法，设计制备了一种低损耗、尺寸小的可植入式葡萄糖敏感水凝胶光纤，可同时解决光学葡萄糖传感器体内植入所面临的导光和生物兼容问题。进一步，为实现可靠地光学参量输出，采用共价键合的方式，对光纤掺杂了具有局域表面等离子吸收（LSPR）特性的金纳米颗粒（GNPs），通过LSPR吸收峰的强度变化来定量检测葡萄糖分子。研究工作对于糖尿病的诊断和治疗，减小患者在血糖监测过程中的痛苦具有重要意义和应用前景。