牙种植上颌窦底提升术的骨组织再生研究

Based on former vitro and animal experiments of oral implantation, this study intends to find bone regeneration mechinism in maxillary sinus and its main influencing factors after sinus floor augmentation surgery, by the application of molecular biotechnology, immunohistochemical method, and Microfill vascular architecture analysis. Observing the osseointegration of the implants in the bone tissue of maxillary sinus and alveolar process through the use of hard-tissue slicing, SEM analysis, and immunohistochemical method. Therefore, analyzing the difference of biological activities between bone tissue and alveolar proess in the certain circumstance of maxillary sinus. Researching on translational medicine by mesenchymal stem cells technology, so as to find the possibility of bone regeneration promoted by mesenchymal stem cells in maxillary sinus. In vitro, we will identify dog's periodontal ligament stem cells in periodontal ligament tissue, and examine their functional characteristics. While in vivo, we will make the sinus floor augmentation surgery and transplant the Bio-oss+CGF or Bio-oss+PDLSCs constructs to the maxillary sinus, then analyze the osteogenesis and osseointegration in maxillary sinus,so as to explore the main influencing factors of bone regeneration in maxillary sinus.

本项目拟在前期体外及大动物实验研究基础上，应用分子生物学技术，免疫组织化学方法和Microfill 血管构筑分析，探讨上颌窦底提升术后上颌窦内骨再生机制及其影响因素。通过硬组织切片技术，扫描电镜分析，免疫组织化学方法观察种植体在上颌窦内骨组织和牙槽突处的骨结合情况。分析上颌窦内特定环境下，骨组织与牙槽突骨组织生物活性差异。采用颌骨间充质干细胞技术开展转化医学研究，探讨牙周膜干细胞促进上颌窦内骨组织再生的可行性。在体外实验中，分离鉴定犬牙周膜干细胞，分析牙周膜干细胞功能特点；在体内实验中，行上颌窦底提升术后，分别植入Bio-oss与CGF或牙周膜干细胞的复合物，通过对比分析上颌窦内新骨形成与骨结合情况，探索上颌窦内骨形成影响因素。

对于上颌后牙区垂直骨高度不足的病例，上颌窦底提升术是目前应用最为广泛的骨增量技术。本项目以大动物实验研究为基础，采用骨髓间充质干细胞、牙周膜干细胞等为种子细胞，体外分析不同种子细胞的功能学特点，并利用慢病毒转染或附加生长因子等方法，复合Bio-Oss支架材料应用于犬上颌窦底提升术，通过硬组织切片技术，扫描电镜分析，免疫组织化学等方法观察上颌窦内新骨形成状况，以及与种植体的骨结合情况，为筛选更有效的种子细胞、获得更好的再生效果提供了一定的参考，也为进一步认识上颌窦内骨形成机制奠定了一定的基础，从而为利用组织工程技术治疗临床缺牙区骨量不足的患者提供了理论依据，以期获得理想的上颌窦区骨增量效果、扩大种植的适应症、提高种植牙的维存率和成功率。