横断山南缘果实蝇地理分布格局与扩张屏障机制

Geographic barriers are important factors affecting biological diffusion. Revealing the geographical distribution pattern and diffusion barrier mechanism of the pests, inferring its evolution trend under the influence of global change, can provide important theoretical basis and practical guidance to effectively prevent the diffusion of pests. The southern Hengduan Mountainous region is an important channel of Southeast Asia pests invading China. In this research program, this tipical region is determined to be the study area, the typical invasive pest Bactrocera fruit flies were choosing as the object of study. On the basis of distribution area surveys and its main impact factors anlysis, this research program will focus mainly on the effect of geographic barriers to the spread of Bactrocera fruit flies. The niche characteristics and its evolution process, the future distribution pattern under the influence of global change, the biological basis of distribution limits will be the priorities to this study. This study has theoretical and practical significance for improving fruit flies control strategies in China, and will provide effective basis for the construction of intercept zone of Southeast Asia pests.

地理屏障是影响生物扩散的重要因素。揭示有害生物的地理分布格局及其屏障机制、推断其在全球变化影响下的演变趋势，能为有效阻止有害生物扩张提供重要的理论依据和实践指导。本研究以横断山南缘这一遭受东南亚有害生物扩张影响的热点区域为研究范围，以典型入侵性有害生物果实蝇属（Bactrocera Macquart）的地理分布格局及其影响因子测度为基础，分析主要果实蝇生态位特征及其演化过程，预测气候变化影响下果实蝇的分布格局，揭示环境因子对果实蝇分布限制作用的生物学基础。从地理、气候、生物三个层面探寻特殊环境格局对果实蝇分布、扩散的屏障机制。研究对于完善果实蝇防控策略具有理论和现实意义，同时也将为面向东南亚的有害生物阻截带建设提供有效依据。

地理屏障是影响生物扩散的重要因素。揭示有害生物的地理分布格局及其屏障机制、推断其在全球变化影响下的演变趋势，能为有效阻止有害生物扩张提供重要的理论依据和实践指导。本研究通过对中国实蝇科昆虫地理分布格局及区系分析，明确了云南实蝇区系的特殊性；通过大范围野外调查，发现了哀牢山两侧果实蝇物种丰富度的巨大差异；通过长期连续定点监测以及垂直分布调查，揭示了哀牢山和滇中高原对果实蝇时空扩散的屏障作用；采用生态位模型，预测了气候变化影响下生物地理屏障的变化趋势；通过实验室研究，揭示了环境因子对果实蝇分布限制作用的生物学基础。研究结果果对于完善果实蝇防控策略具有理论和现实意义，同时也将为面向东南亚的有害生物阻截带建设提供有效依据。