铋基无铅压电材料构筑及其能量转换收集特性研究

Bismuth based perovskite and layer-structured lead-free piezoelectric materials have great potential in research and application, especially for the energy conversion, harvesting by using a new nano power-supplier and power-generator. Through quantitative analysis of new bismuth based materials about the micro spontaneous polarization, localized-electron conductivity, controllable defects as well as their producing and developments under the macro external force, electric field and temperature field, we wish to establish the force-electric energy conversion parameters, electrical properties and other related properties systemically. Gradually, a new energy power system by using nano bismuth materials for power generation, conversion, collection, even the integration, could be explored for design and application of new energy and new materials. BiFeO3, Bi2Nb2O9 as well as other typical bismuth-based perovskite and layered structure lead-free piezoelectric materials will be investigated in detail. Firstly, the high performance piezoelectric materials will be synthesized by the composition control, and their mechanism could also be discussed fertilely. Then, in order to optimize the composition of bismuth based material by using different technology such as sol-gel, electron spinning, spin coating and tape casting for getting the controllable nano-morphology, well distributed uniform nanoparticles, nanorods, nanowires and other nano material will be prepared, and the effect of the morphology, composition and particle size of the factors on the electrical properties are investigated. Finally, a new bismuth based nano-composite membrane will be developed, and its energy conversion characteristics could be tested. The main fabrication processing, technical parameters and theoretical basis of the energy conversion / harvesting of bismuth based lead-free nano piezoelectric materials will be further developed systematically.

铋基钙钛矿以及层状结构无铅压电材料具有大的发展潜力，特别是结合新的能量转换、收集及纳米发电方向值得深入研究，本项目将通过定量分析新型铋基材料中独特微观自发极化、束缚电子导电、可控缺陷分布，以及其产生、发展随宏观外加力场、电场、温度场等变化相关规律，建立相应力电能量转换参数、电学性能等相关综合特性理论评价体系，逐步实现铋基纳米发电系统能量发生、转换、收集和集成，为新能源新材料设计拓展思路、探索方向。针对BiFeO3、Bi2Nb2O9等典型铋基钙钛矿结构和层状结构材料，通过成分调控合成具有高性能的压电材料，分析其力电作用机理。以成分优化的铋基材料为基础，采用溶胶凝胶、电纺工艺制备出形貌可控、分布均匀的颗粒、棒、线等纳米材料，研究纳米形貌、组成、尺度等因素对其性能影响规律。进而结合旋涂和流延成型，研制出铋基材料纳米复合膜，测试能量转换收集特性，深入探索其在能量转换方面的主要技术指标和理论基础。

铋基钙钛矿以及层状结构无铅压电材料具有大的发展潜力，特别是结合新的能量转换、收集、存储及纳米发电方向值得深入研究，本项目通过定量分析了几类新型铋基材料中独特微观自发极化、束缚电子导电、可控缺陷分布，以及其产生、发展随宏观外加力场、电场、温度场等变化相关规律，建立了其相应力电能量转换参数、电学性能等相关综合特性理论评价体系，逐步获得了几种典型铋基纳米发电系统，实现了能量发生、转换、收集和存储，为新能源新材料设计拓展了思路、探索了方向。针对BiFeO3、Bi2Nb2O9等典型铋基钙钛矿结构和层状结构材料，通过精确的成分调控合成了具有高性能的压电材料，分析其力电作用机理。以成分优化的铋基材料为基础，采用溶胶凝胶、电纺工艺制备出形貌可控、分布均匀的颗粒、棒、线等纳米材料，研究了纳米形貌、组成、尺度等因素对其多种性能影响规律。进而结合旋涂和流延成型，研制出铋基材料纳米复合膜，测试了能量转换收集、存储特性，深入探索了铋基钙钛矿以及层状结构无铅压电材料和系列纳米材料在能量转换、存储方面的主要技术指标和微观理论基础。