装配式农村住宅设计体系与方法研究——以石家庄东南部平原郊区农村为例

According to theoretical vacancy of the design system and method of rural prefabricated house, the research selects the research base of plain suburban countryside in the southeast of Shijiazhuang. Firstly, the research extracts quantitative research basis，and constructs the design model in the way of “integrated control system (syntax) + module liner group(vocabulary)”.Secontly, the research detects rationality of the model from two perspectives of “integrated control system and the module liner group ”by derivative design method, with the diversified living needs of the villagers as the test basis. Thirdly,based on the experimental results, the research proposes the design system and method of rural prefabricated house. The control system of the research establishes integrated size and positioning relationship between the “indoor and outdoor space ,building component, and interior parts”. In the process of the formation of the module liner group, the research incorporates “the interior product module” and “the outdoor garden module”into the space hierarchy system . In summary, the research explores a set of system which establish an integrated relationship between the“indoor and outdoor space, building component, and interior parts”. The system not only makes the rural prefabricated house be controlled by the integrated control system, but also have the flexibility potentiality to meet the diverse needs of villagers ,which also make the research findings have the promotion value.

针对农村装配式住宅设计体系及设计方法理论层面的空缺，课题以石家庄东南部平原郊区农村为研究基地，调研获取量化研究依据，以“整体化控制体系（句法）+模块内胆族群（词汇）”的方式组构装配式农村住宅的实验设计模型。以村民的多元化居住需求为实验模型的检测依据，以衍生设计实验方式，从“整体化控制体系、模块内胆”两个角度检测实验模型组构方式的合理性。并基于检测结果，提出装配式农村住宅的设计体系及相关设计方法。课题基于农村的居住环境特点构建整体化控制体系，在“室外场地、室内空间、建筑构件、内装部品”间建立了统一协调的尺寸及空间定位关系，在模块内胆族群组建中，将“内装部品模块、室外庭院模块”纳入模块空间层级。课题探索的装配式农村住宅设计体系令农宅设计既受到整体化的尺寸及定位方式控制，又具有满足住户多样化需求的弹性应变潜力，也令课题成果具有了向其他地区农村衍生推广的价值。

当前河北装配式农宅建设存在“标准化水平低、价格及品质难以市场化、农宅文化传统遗失”的发展瓶颈。课题基于石家庄东南部平原郊区藁城区、栾城区农村住宅需求，京津冀及周边装配式住宅产业基地的发展现状，从“建筑及结构”两方面拟定装配式农宅设计体系的建构策略；创建“家族居住环境单元”实验模型及SM装配式住宅设计公式；从“模数体系→场地划分体系→建筑定位体系”三步构建通用控制体系；从“构件设计、节点设计”两方面研发弹性结构骨架体系；以“行为模块、房间模块、箱体模块、套型模块”由下及上组构空间模块族群；从“家具部品、整体厨卫、轻质隔墙”三方面研发内装部品模块。之后从“可量产”与“可定制”两方面通过研发“乡宅超市网上购房平台”验证上述体系的合理性，并对反映出的问题进行调试。本研究基于支撑体住宅理论（SAR）构建的SM装配式农宅设计体系破解了“标准化生产”与“个性化需求”间的矛盾，并基于河北农村的自然及居住特色对SAR理论进行中国乡村式改良，并以量产定制化方式助推装配式农宅的市场化。