高原濒危药用植物川贝母逆境下生理响应和生态适应机制研究

Fritillaria cirrhosa belongs to threatened species of grade 3 and its current price of raw materials is 2000-3000 RMB/kg. The annual output covers only some five percent of the market demand. Unfortunately, large-scale introduction has not been successful. This project aims to solve the current basic problems existed in cultivation with a large scale through the comparison of ecophysiological characteristics between natural condition in high altitude and under stress. We measure the physiological and fluorescence parameters of different phenotype under different habitats to determine which key environmental factors have an effect on the survival rate of young F. cirrhosa. We measure the pattern of biomass accumulation and allocation and changes of Enzyme activity, and the relationship with ecological factors under stress to discover why the characters of bulb change in cultivation. The project introduce the concept of ecophysiology under stress to cultivation of F. cirrhosa in order to find the key external factor of low survival rate and variation of bulb characters during the course of cultivation in F. cirrhosa, which support the establishment of new planting technology system and push the industrialization and commercialization, and the implement of conservation of wild resources of F. cirrhosa.

三级濒危物种川贝母目前市场价格已达2000-3000元/公斤,野生资源仅能满足市场需求的5%左右，但大规模人工栽培尚未成功。本项目通过对高海拔自然生境和逆境条件下川贝母生理生态学特性的比较，研究解决川贝母大规模栽培存在的应用基础问题。测定不同表型川贝母在不同生境下的光合生理指标及胁迫下的荧光参数变化，分析影响川贝母幼苗成活率的关键环境因子；测定川贝母不同发育阶段生物量累积、分配规律及酶活性变化等与逆境下生态因子间的关系，揭示川贝母应对生境变化的生理对策和生态适应机制，探究鳞茎繁殖性状变异的成因。本项目首次把逆境生理生态研究概念引入到川贝母大规模栽培关键技术研究中，研究并阐明影响川贝母保苗率低、人工药材性状变异的外在因素，为建立大规模人工栽培新技术体系奠定基础，对推动人工栽培川贝母产业化和商品化，保护川贝母野生资源具有极大的现实意义。

三级濒危物种川贝母目前市场价格已达2000-3000元/公斤,野生资源仅能满足市场需求的5%左右，但自然环境下大规模人工栽培鲜有成功。本项目通过对高海拔自然生境和逆境条件下川贝母生理生态学特性的比较，研究解决川贝母大规模栽培存在的应用基础问题。测定不同表型川贝母在不同生境下的光合生理指标及胁迫下的荧光参数变化，发现影响川贝母幼苗成活率的关键环境因子是光照和湿度；测定川贝母不同发育阶段生物量累积、分配规律及酶活性变化等与逆境下生态因子间的关系，揭示川贝母应对生境变化的生理响应和生态适应机制，富营养和土壤紧密度可能是人工栽培鳞茎繁殖性状变化的主要成因。项目揭示了川贝母不同生长发育阶段逆境下生态适应机制，发现表型可塑性是川贝母应对逆境的主要生理策略。本项目首次把逆境生理生态研究概念引入到川贝母大规模栽关键技术研究中，研究并阐明影响川贝母保苗率低、人工药材性状变异的外在因素，为建立大规模人工栽培新技术体系奠定基础，对推动人工栽培川贝母产业化和商品化，保护川贝母野生资源具有极大的现实意义。