人工关节材料超润滑与载药缓释“双重”表面改性及其生物学、摩擦学性能研究

The excellent friction and wear properties of natural joint can fulfill the requirement of lifetime use for humans, with the friction coefficient at a level as low as 0.001. However, it is necessary to perform a revision surgery for artificial joint prosthesis after implantation for an average of 15 years due to the occurrence of severe wear. It is accepted that the wear debris can result in osteoclast response and osteolysis in vivo, which is considered as the main reason for failure of the prosthesis...This project for the first time combines a link between wear reduction and osteolysis inhibition in artificial joint research. Firstly, photo-induced polymerization is used to graft polymer brushes onto artificial joint materials, and biocompatibility, friction, wear and biotribocorrosion properties of the polymer brushes are investigated to achieve superlubricity based on hydration lubrication. Secondly, sol-gel method is applied to prepare mesoporous silica nano-particles (MSN), and drug release and cell response properties of the MSN are examined following surface coating of smart macromolecules, with an aim not only to facilitate osteoblast response but also to inhibit osteolysis through a controlled and intelligentized drug release. Finally, the polymer brushes are stably modified with selected drug-loaded MSN by charge-transfer interaction, in order to manufacture a novel artificial joint material with superlubricity & drug release simultaneously...The research outputs of this project are of great significance at an aspect of further reducing friction and wear of various artificial joints (e.g., hip, knee, and intervertebral disk) and improving their in vivo service time.

人体天然关节的摩擦系数在0.001量级，其优异的摩擦、磨损性能可满足人们毕生使用需求，而人工关节由于摩擦、磨损，平均使用寿命只有15年。研究表明，磨损微粒在人体内诱发破骨反应造成骨溶解，是导致人工关节失效的根本原因。. 本项目首次将人工关节的减摩、抗磨与抑制骨溶解结合起来研究。首先，采用紫外光聚合技术在人工关节材料表面接枝聚合物分子刷，研究其生物相容性以及摩擦、磨损与腐蚀性能，基于水合润滑机理实现超润滑；其次，采用溶胶-凝胶法制备介孔硅球并包覆智能响应高分子，研究其载药缓释特性、细胞响应特性，通过药物的可控、智能释放促进成骨，同时抑制骨溶解；最后，依据电荷转移相互作用在聚合物分子刷上嫁接载药的介孔硅球，获得兼具超润滑与载药缓释“双重”功能的新型人工关节材料。. 本项目研究成果对进一步降低人工髋关节、膝关节、椎间盘的摩擦、磨损，提高其使用寿命具有重要参考价值。

润滑增强与药物缓释协同技术是治疗骨关节炎、提高人工关节减摩抗磨性能与抑制骨溶解的重要方法之一。在本项目支持下，主要完成了以下工作：（1）采用光聚合技术、薄膜水合技术制备了介孔硅球/磷酰胆碱、脂质体/氨糖等润滑载药体系，并通过体外润滑实验、细胞实验和体内动物实验，系统地研究了各种润滑载药体系治疗骨关节炎的效果；（2）采用仿生自吸附技术、化学接枝技术在人工关节材料表面制备了润滑涂层，并通过宏观、微观摩擦学实验研究了材料接枝前后润滑性能、抑菌性能的变化；（3）采用静电纺丝技术制备了具有润滑和载药功能的纳米纤维膜，并研究了纳米纤维膜与成纤维细胞和成骨细胞之间的相互作用规律。上述研究成果对实现骨关节炎的有效治疗、提高人工关节的使用寿命具有重要的参考价值。基于本项目取得的研究成果，以（共同）通讯作者发表SCI收录论文23篇，以第一发明人申请中国发明专利13项（其中授权8项），在国内外学术会议上做邀请报告或担任分会场主席5次，培养研究生5人。