膜生物反应器对典型抗生素的强化去除机制研究

Considering the safety of water reuse, antibiotics have become one of the hotspots concerning the removal of micro-pollutants in wastewater reclamation. Membrane bioreactor (MBR) can effectively improve the removal of some antibiotics. However, the removal mechanisms of antibiotics in MBR are not clear yet. With this regard, 9 antibiotics, commonly detected in the municipal wastewater and belonging to different therapeutic classes, are selected as target compounds in this study. Bench-scale anaerobic/anoxic/oxic-membrane bioreactor will be performed to investigate the removal characteristics of target antibiotics in a long period. Based on a two-phase model, batch kinetics experiments will be conducted to further illustrate the transport behavior of target compounds considering the adsorption and biodegradation capacity of antibiotics by activated sludge in MBR. The correlation between the mixed liquor characteristics and the adsorption and biodegradation capacity of target compounds will be comprehensively analyzed by multivariate statistical method to identify the major factors influencing the target compounds removal and elucidate the related mechanisms. Furthermore, the general elimination rule and optimal operating conditions of different types of antibiotics in MBR will be predicted from the aspects of molecular properties of target compounds. The results obtained in this study will be helpful for further theoretical study and also provide necessary information on the application of MBR to enhance the removal of antibiotics.

抗生素是目前回用水安全领域微量有机污染物去除研究的热点。膜生物反应器（MBR）对抗生素去除具有一定的优势,但其强化去除的机理尚不清楚。本研究选取城市污水中常见的不同类别9种抗生素作为目标化合物，采用小试厌氧/缺氧/好氧-膜生物反应器，长期运行考察MBR对典型抗生素的去除特性，利用间歇动力学试验和两相迁移模型，从活性污泥对目标化合物的吸附和生物降解特性入手，深入解析迁移行为，并结合活性污泥混合液特性与目标化合物吸附和降解性能的相关性统计分析，识别影响去除效果的主要因素，揭示其去除机理，在此基础上，从目标化合物的分子特性出发，探寻MBR对不同种类抗生素去除的规律和适宜的运行操作条件，为进一步提升MBR对抗生素的去除性能提供理论指导与技术支持。

抗生素是目前回用水安全领域微量有机污染物去除研究的热点。膜生物反应器（MBR）对抗生素去除具有一定的优势，但其强化去除的机理尚不清楚。.本研究选取城市污水中常见的9种磺胺类抗生素作为目标化合物，采用小试厌氧/缺氧/好氧-膜生物反应器，长期运行考察MBR对典型抗生素的去除特性，研究结果表明，9种磺胺类目标化合物均能被厌氧/缺氧/好氧-膜生物反应器有效去除（93.9%-97.5%），高于同类文献报道。好氧单元对目标化合物的去除贡献率最大（71.1%-85.3%），其次是缺氧单元（7.1%-22.5%）。采用间歇动力学试验，进一步解析厌氧、缺氧和好氧反应条件下，活性污泥对目标化合物的去除特性，研究结果表明，间歇反应6h，厌氧条件下只有磺胺异恶唑能降解；在缺氧条件下9种目标化合物的去除率在5-33%，而在好氧条件下，大部分目标化合物能快速有效的去除，去除率高达68-86%，磺胺索嘧啶和磺胺二甲嘧啶去除率略低，约35%。磺胺类抗生素好氧和缺氧条件下降解特性符合一级动力学模型，降解动力学常数能用于预测不同HRT条件下厌氧/缺氧/好氧-膜生物反应器系统缺氧和好氧单元的去除效率。.在本项目的资助下，共发表SCI论文2篇，培养硕士研究生3名。研究结果能为进一步提升MBR对抗生素的去除性能提供理论指导与技术支持。