耦合遥感及源示踪技术的区域大气氮沉降估算及其来源解析

The increasing of atmospheric nitrogen deposition has been becoming significant due to amount of nitrogen emissions caused by human activities in regional and global areas. At present, China has become another high nitrogen deposition region besides North American and Europe. However，for the regions of high atmospheric nitrogen deposition, they are the hot topics to estimate the atmospheric nitrogen deposition accurately and assess the contribution of different emission sources quantitatively in making nitrogen emission control measures. Thus，the main topics of this project intend to: ① improve the accuracy of NOx/NH3 emission inventory through the combination of satellite data and inverse modeling in the Yangtze River Delta area; ② simulate the fluxes of nitrogen deposition using the improved emission inventory and regional chemical transport model. Drawing the high resolution of spatial-temporal patterns of atmospheric nitrogen deposition over the Yangtze River Delta; ③ analysis the sources apportionment of regional atmospheric nitrogen deposition using the Particulate Source Apportionment Technology (PSAT) technology coupled with Comprehensive Air Quality Model with Extensions (CAMx) modeling with the improved emission inventory. Furthermore, the quantitative results of the contribution rate will be analyzed based on the partition of regional and industrial emission sources. The main emission sources, which are the key factors that influenced the regional atmospheric nitrogen deposition, will be shown clearly for supporting on the control and management of regional nitrogen emission. The outcomes of this project will strengthen the utilization of satellite data and PSAT technology on regional atmospheric nitrogen cycle.

人类活动向大气中排放的含氮气体激增，引起了区域或全球尺度大气氮沉降的持续增加。目前，中国已经成为继北美和欧洲之后的又一氮沉降富集区，受到了广泛国际关注。但准确地评估大气氮沉降通量并定量化研究其来源解析是这些区域制定氮排放控制对策的主要难点。针对这一科学问题，本项目拟以长三角地区为研究区域，针对大气氮沉降模型估算过程中最关键的驱动因子——排放清单准确性方面的不足，利用时空连续的遥感观测数据，构建清单反演模型来提高初始排放清单精度，从而更准确地估算区域大气氮沉降通量；此外，利用源示踪技术研究大气氮沉降来源解析，定量化分析不同地区、不同行业排放源对区域大气氮沉降的贡献率，并诊断其主要排放源，以便更科学地管理区域大气氮排放。本研究结果以期为提高区域大气氮沉降估算精度及其定量化来源解析研究提供科学有效的参考依据和技术方法；同时也进一步挖掘了卫星遥感数据及源示踪技术在大气氮循环研究中的广泛应用。

人类活动向大气中排放的含氮气体激增，引起了区域或全球尺度大气氮沉降的持续增加。目前，中国已经成为继北美和欧洲之后的又一氮沉降富集区，受到了广泛国际关注。但准确地评估大气氮沉降通量并定量化研究其来源解析是这些区域制定氮排放控制对策的主要难点。针对这一科学问题，本项目以华北平原地区为研究区域，针对大气氮沉降模型估算过程中最关键的驱动因子——排放清单准确性方面的不足，利用时空连续的遥感观测数据，构建清单反演模型来提高初始排放清单精度，从而更准确地估算区域大气氮沉降通量；此外，利用源示踪技术研究大气氮沉降来源解析，定量化分析不同地区排放源对区域大气氮沉降的贡献率，以便更科学地管理区域大气氮排放。本研究结果以期为提高区域大气氮沉降估算精度及其定量化来源解析研究提供科学有效的参考依据和技术方法；同时也进一步挖掘了卫星遥感数据及源示踪技术在大气氮循环研究中的广泛应用。