产学研用协同创新政策对创新网络结构演化的驱动机制研究——以东北地区装备制造业为例

China has always taken Industry-University-Research-User (IURU) collaborative innovation as breakthrough point to promote to integrating science and technology with the economy tightly and further realizing the economic transition. Taking Northeast China as an example, central government and local governments have implemented a series of policies to promote collaborative innovation of the equipment manufacturing industry since the implementation of the strategy of rejuvenating northeast China. However, the operation effect of collaborative innovation network in northeast China’s equipment manufacturing industry is not ideal because of the imperfection of the policy system construction as well as poor implementation of the policy. To solve this problem, firstly, the quantitative evaluation model of IURU collaborative innovation policy based on the innovation policy research is built to reveal the evolution mode of IURU collaborative innovation policy. Secondly, the IURU collaborative innovation network structure evolution model based on the complex network theory is constructed to identify the evolution path of IURU collaborative innovation network structure. Finally, finding the combining point between innovation policy research and innovation network theory, policy driven model of the structure evolution of IURU collaborative innovation networks is established to reveal the innovation policy driving mechanism about the evolution of IURU collaborative innovation network structure, to provide a theoretical basis for the National Development and Reform Commission translation of revitalization in northeast China and the related sectors of northeast governments to develop and execute the IURU collaborative innovation policy to meet the needs of equipment manufacturing industry, and optimize the structure of IURU collaborative innovation network, and promote the orderly operation of IURU collaborative innovation network.

近二十年来我国始终把产学研用协同创新作为推进科技与经济紧密结合，进而实现经济转型的突破口。以东北地区为例，自东北振兴战略实施以来，中央和东北地区政府就陆续实施了一系列促进装备制造业协同创新的政策措施。然而，由于政策体系建设尚不完善，以及政策执行不力，东北地区装备制造业协同创新网络的运行效果不佳。针对这一问题，首先以创新政策研究为基础，构建产学研用协同创新政策量化评价模型，揭示产学研用协同创新政策的变迁模式；其次，以社会网络理论为基础，构建产学研用协同创新网络结构演化模型，识别出产学研用协同创新网络结构演化的路径；最后，在创新政策研究和社会网络理论之间找到结合点，建立产学研用协同创新网络结构演化的政策驱动模型，阐明产学研用协同创新政策驱动创新网络结构演化的机理，为政府部门科学地制定与执行产学研用协同创新政策、优化产学研用协同创新网络结构、促进产学研用协同创新网络的有序运行提供理论依据。

近二十年来我国始终把产学研用协同创新作为推进科技与经济紧密结合，进而实现经济转型的突破口。习近平总书记在党的十九大报告中明确提出，“深化科技体制改革，建立以企业为主体、市场为导向、产学研深度融合的技术创新体系，加强对中小企业创新的支持，促进科技成果转化”。产学研深度融合，是深化科技体制改革的一项重要内容，在宏观层面能推动经济增长方式由要素驱动向创新驱动转变，在微观层面能实现企业、高校和科研院所等产学研主体的深度融合，形成创新合力。以东北地区为例，自东北振兴战略实施以来，中央和东北地区政府就陆续实施了一系列促进产学研用协同创新的政策措施。然而，由于政策体系建设尚不完善，以及政策执行不力，东北地区产学研用协同创新网络的运行效果不佳。针对这一问题，首先以创新政策研究为基础，构建产学研用协同创新政策量化评价模型，从政策力度、政策措施和政策目标三个维度揭示产学研用协同创新政策的变迁模式；其次，以社会网络理论为基础，绘制东北地区产学研用协同创新网络图，从网络规模、网络中心势和网络密度三个维度揭示东北地区产学研用协同创新网络结构特征的演化规律，并进一步阐明产学研用协同创新网络结构特征对东北三省创新绩效的影响；最后，将创新政策研究和市场化改革研究相结合，阐明产学研用协同创新政策对东北地区工业企业创新绩效的影响机理，以及市场化改革对产学研用协同创新政策与东北地区工业企业创新绩效的调节作用机理，为政府部门科学地制定与执行产学研用协同创新政策、优化产学研用协同创新网络结构、深入推进东北地区市场化改革提供理论依据。