升流式厌氧反应器内气泡的生长机制与运动规律研究

As a sustainable wastewater and waste treatment technology, anaerobic bio-treatment process has been widely used in a decade. And upflow anaerobic reactor is the most widely-studied and -used high-speed anaerobic reactor. As a complex gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow system, the physicochemical mechanism for the growth and desorption of single bubble in the upflow anaerobic reactor as well as the relationship between micro-hydrodynamics of bubbles and flow fields are the basic problems for the three-phase flow system. It can affect the mass transfer process and hydrodynamic condition of the reactor. In this proposal, we will reveal the physicochemical mechanism for the growth and desorption of single bubble through the analyzing of the mechanism for the growth of bubbles during the sludge granulation, studying the reaction between bubbles and surfaces of anaerobic granular. And we will also study the relationship between growths, desorption, micro-hydrodynamics of bubbles and flow fields by establishing the model for micro- and macro-hydrodynamics as well as the technologies of micro-reactor, microscopic imaging, surface analysis and mathematical statistics. This proposal will further enrich the mass transfer theories of upflow anaerobic reactor. In addition, it will provide some theoretical and technical support for the design optimization and energy saving for the upflow anaerobic reactor.

厌氧消化技术作为一种可持续的废水与废弃物处理手段，近十几年来得到了广泛应用。升流式厌氧反应器是目前研究最多, 应用最为广泛的高速厌氧反应器。作为一个复杂的气-液-固三相流体系，升流式厌氧反应器中单气泡生长与脱附受何种物理化学机制调控，以及气泡的微观水动力学如何影响反应器宏观流场，是三相流体系的基本问题，影响着反应器的传质过程与水动力学条件。本项目通过解析厌氧污泥颗粒化过程中气泡的生长规律，研究气泡与厌氧颗粒污泥的表界面作用机理，明确单气泡生长与脱附的物理化学调控机制；构建气泡的微观与宏观水动力学耦合模型，综合利用微反应器技术、显微成像技术、表面分析技术与数学统计方法，解析气泡生长、脱附及微观水动力学与反应器宏观流场的内在关系。通过本项目的研究，我们有望进一步丰富升流式厌氧反应器的传质理论，为反应器的优化设计与节能降耗提供一定的理论与技术支撑。

升流式厌氧反应器是目前研究最多，应用最为广泛的高速厌氧反应器。作为一个复杂的气-液-固三相流体系，气泡的生长与运动规律是三相流体系的基本问题，影响着反应器的传质过程与水动力学条件。但是，反应器内气泡的生长微观机制尚不清楚。在国家自然科学基金委的支持下，本项目利用单气泡/单菌胶体探针技术，阐明了气泡与游离微生物、生物膜、厌氧颗粒污泥和气泡的表界面作用机理，明确了单气泡生长与脱附的物理化学调控机制；综合利用多组学技术、显微成像技术、表面分析技术与数学统计方法，揭示了反应器内微观与宏观水动力学与气泡行为的内在关系；解析了水体有机物与纳米颗粒物污染对反应器中气泡的形成与生长的扰动机制。研究结果丰富了升流式厌氧反应器的传质理论，为反应器的优化设计与节能降耗提供一定的理论与技术支撑。研究成果主要以论文和专利的方式进行表达，在国外SCI源刊物上发表论文11篇；授权发明专利2项；培养博士生3名，研究生6名；项目负责人主持国家自然基金委-山东省联合基金重点项目(2020年)1项及山东省自然科学杰出青年基金(2019年)1项，还获得了RSC出版社Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology杂志的Emerging Investigator(2018)、山东大学杰出中青年学者等奖励。