中国海欧努菲虫科的分类学和动物地理学研究

Onuphidae (Annelida: Polychaeta: Eunicida) is a common and dominant group in the marine macrobenthic community, distributed widely in all major marine areas with high species diversity and plenty of endemic species in Western Pacific. Taxonomy of Onuphidae is complicated for its ontogenetic changes and intraspecific variation. However, there is a lack of systematic study on Chinese onuphids. Based on the historical material deposited in the Marine Biological Museum of Chinese Academy of Sciences, including recently collected specimens, we are going to conduct a study on taxonomy and zoogeography of Onuphidae from China seas. Methods of both morphology and molecular biology will be used to revise the erroneous records, to discover new species and new recorded species, to clarify taxonomic confusions and morphologically similar species, to reveal the species-genus construction, to analyze its distribution and fauna characters. The research wil not only enriches our knowledge of Chinese marine biodiversity, but also provides basic information for subsequent research of marine ecology, compiling of fauna sinica, biological resource conservation and utilization.

欧努菲虫科隶属环节动物门多毛纲矶沙蚕目，是大型底栖生物中常见且占优势的类群。广泛分布于世界各大海域，尤其在西太平洋具很高的物种多样性，且地方性特有种丰富。欧努菲虫科分类性状复杂，个体发育差异明显，是多毛类研究中难度较大的一类。中国海欧努菲虫科研究薄弱，分类问题多，大量资料亟需补充和完善。本研究基于中国科学院海洋生物标本馆历年收藏的标本及借取和新采集标本，结合形态学方法和分子生物学技术，对中国海域欧努菲虫科开展系统研究；订正错误记录，澄清疑难种和近似种，发现新种和新纪录种；最终查明我国欧努菲虫科的种属组成，分析其地理分布和区系特点。本研究将为我国海洋生物多样性研究、动物志编撰、生物资源保护与利用等提供重要的基础资料。

欧努菲虫科是一类常见的多毛类动物，在西太平洋地区具很高的物种多样性，地方性特有种丰富，然而中国海欧努菲虫科的种类组成和地理分布并不清楚，大量资料急需补充完善。基于中国科学院海洋生物标本馆收藏的标本，结合形态学方法和分子生物学技术对中国海欧努菲虫科开展了系统的分类学研究。在该项目的支持下，已鉴定中国海欧努菲虫科8属22种，描述并发表5个新种、2个新记录种、1个新组合种，澄清1个疑难种和1个同物异名种，共发表项目第一标注的SCI论文4篇。通过项目的实施，查清了中国海域欧努菲虫科的种属组成和地理分布，研究发现我国被广泛报道的多毛类物种欧努菲虫Onuphis eremita Audouin & Milne Edwards, 1833为错误记录，该种在在中国海并无分布，绝大部分标本应鉴定为入江欧努菲虫O. iriei Maekawa & Hayashi, 1999，少数为中华欧努菲虫O. chinensis Uschakov & Wu, 1962、福建欧努菲虫O. fujianensis Uschakov & Wu, 1962、乌氏欧努菲虫O. uschakovi Wu & Xu, 2017及色斑欧努菲虫O. variolate Shen, 1987。申请人对上述欧努菲虫复合种做了形态比较，澄清了欧努菲虫长达30年的分类学误识。本研究为我国海洋生物多样性研究、动物志编撰、生物资源保护与利用等提供了第一手资料。