As the multiple outbreak of H7N9 flu,chilled chicken meat industry had attracted increasing attention. At the same time, chilled meat was put a higher request. The chilled meat quality and origin after processing was hard distinguished and identified. At present, for the DNA barcode technology used widely in variety identification, most of the research focused on the genetic diversity and evolutionary origins, and less on the cross strains. Up to now, there was no report about correlation of dominant mitochondrial haplotype and chicken production performance. The growth rate and cycle was the key for the formation of meat quality. Our previous research shown that the E haplotype of mitochondrial DNA D-Loop region had a obvious difference in the different growth speed chicken breeds (cross strains). In this study based on the previous research, 18 chicken breeds (cross strains) of different growth rate were chose, in order to varify the correlation of mitochondrial DNA haplotype and chciken production performance; and to study the distribution characteristics and transferring rules of dominant haplotype in different cross combination and different generation. And then through analyzing the correlation between dominant haplotype and chicken meat quality, to established a identification method of different growth speed chicken based on mitochondria haplotype, and to build a database of different chilled chicken combining with phenotypic characteristics. It would provide a new methods and ideas for traceability of chilled chicken breeds, and offer technical support for the healthy development of chicken industry.
随着H7N9流感多次爆发,冷鲜鸡产业受到越来越多关注,鸡肉质量也面临着更高要求。对于加工后的肉产品,消费者难以区分和鉴别其品质和来源。目前,针对品种鉴定中应用较多的DNA条形码技术,研究热点基本在遗传多样性和起源进化方面,对配套系的研究甚少,关于线粒体优势单倍型与肉鸡生产性能相关性的研究还未见相关报道。生长速度和周期对肉鸡品质的形成很是关键,本课题组之前研究显示线粒体DNA D-Loop区E单倍型在不同生长速度肉鸡配套系中差异较大。在此基础上本研究选择具有代表性的鸡种(配套系)18个,验证线粒体单倍型与不同生长速度类型肉鸡生产性能的相关性,研究优势单倍型在不同杂交组合和不同代次的分布规律、传递规律以及与鸡肉品质的相关性,建立以线粒体单倍型作为DNA条形码的不同生长速度类型肉鸡的鉴别方法。并结合表型特征构建冷鲜鸡鉴别数据库,为冷鲜鸡品种溯源提供新方法、新思路,为肉鸡产业健康发展提供技术支撑。
随着冷鲜鸡产业的不断发展,大批肉鸡配套系的成功培育,各种类型的冷鲜鸡产品越来越丰富,为了能够快速有效地区分出不同生长速度类型的肉鸡品种(配套系),以线粒体D-Loop区单倍型为DNA条形码,选择具有代表性的鸡种21个,验证线粒体单倍型与不同生长速度类型肉鸡生长性能的相关性,研究优势单倍型在不同杂交组合和不同代次的分布特征和传递规律。主要研究结果如下:21个鸡种1013个个体线粒体D-loop区共发现52个突变位点和72种单倍型,可划分为A、B、C和E共4个单倍型群(分支),分别包括16、30、9和17种单倍型;共发现51种特异单倍型,A、B、C和E单倍型分别包括12种、23种、5种和11种。园丰麻鸡2号单倍型数最多(21种),哈伯德最少(1种)。特异单倍型数最多的为鸿光黑鸡(14种),其次为园丰麻鸡2号(11种),且均以B单倍型数最多。白羽肉鸡、中快速型黄羽肉鸡以及引进鸡种E单倍型占比相近,且均以E单倍型为优势单倍型。慢速型黄羽肉鸡和地方鸡种以B和A单倍型为主,E单倍型含量相对较低,不超过40%。E单倍型所有个体均在线粒体D-loop区1214bp处存在C-T突变,而B单倍型所有个体均在1215bp处存在A-G突变。相关性分析显示,不同鸡种生长性能与其优势单倍型之间存在显著相关,其中初生重与E单倍型比例之间呈极显著正相关,公母平均体重约1.8kg时日龄和饲料转化比均与E单倍型比例之间呈极显著负相关,而与B单倍型比例之间呈显著正相关。根据线粒体D-Loop区单倍型特征和各鸡种表型特征,建立了不同生长速度类型肉鸡鉴别数据库。线粒体控制区在鸡种中遵循着严格的母系遗传,正交F1代、F2代与其终端母本隐性白羽鸡A、B、C、E四种单倍型占比相近;反交F1代与其母本固始鸡一样,主要有A、C单倍型,且两个群体A、C单倍型比例接近。全转录组测序显示,两个不同生长速度鸡种21日龄胸肌线粒体上共发现13个mRNA和3个miRNA,没有发现LncRNA和CircRNA,经qPCR验证发现miR-2285-y表达量在不同鸡种之间存在一定的差异。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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