橡胶密封结构老化状态动态响应机理与检测方法研究

The rubber sealing structure is widely used in mechanical equipment. However, in the long-term storage and running of mechanical equipment, the rubber seal inevitably suffers from aging which influences the service performance of rubber sealing structure, and thus affects the running safety of whole mechanical equipment. Therefore, it is an urgent need for engineering practice to research the non-destructive, online and quantitative aging state detection method of the rubber sealing structure. In this project, based on wavelet finite element, the structural multi-scale modeling method is researched for revealing the aging state dynamic response mechanism of rubber sealing structure, and seeking the mapping relationship of aging state change and dynamic response signal characteristics. Aiming at the non-stationary dynamic response signals of rubber sealing structure, for achieving the accurate and comprehensive extraction of weak feature information, the multi-symptom domain feature extraction method based on ensemble local mean decomposition is researched. Aiming at the aging state detection of rubber sealing structure with small samples, the recognition method based on fuzzy support vector data description with new kernel function is researched to obtain high detection accuracy. The experimental research on rubber O-ring sealing structure is carried out. These researches provide basic theory and key technology for the non-destructive, online and quantitative aging state detection of rubber sealing structure, and have important academic significance and engineering application value in monitoring the health state of rubber sealing structure and guaranteeing the running safety of mechanical equipment.

橡胶密封结构广泛应用于机械设备中，在机械设备的长期储存和使用过程中，橡胶密封件不可避免地出现老化，从而影响橡胶密封结构的服役性能，进而影响整个机械设备的运行安全。因此，研究橡胶密封结构老化状态的无损、在线、定量检测方法是工程实际的迫切需要。本项目研究基于小波有限元的多尺度建模方法，揭示橡胶密封结构老化状态的动态响应机理，探求老化状态变化与动态响应信号特征之间的映射关系；研究基于总体局部均值分解的多征兆域特征提取方法，实现橡胶密封结构非平稳动态响应信号微弱特征信息的有效提取；研究基于新型核函数的模糊支持向量数据描述识别方法，实现少样本条件下橡胶密封结构老化状态的高精度检测。针对橡胶O形圈密封结构进行实验研究，为橡胶密封结构老化状态的无损、在线、定量检测提供基础理论和关键技术，对监测橡胶密封结构的健康状态和保障机械设备的运行安全，具有重要的学术意义和工程应用价值。

本项目以橡胶密封结构健康监测的重大需求为背景，以实现橡胶密封结构老化状态的无损、在线、定量检测为宗旨，开展了橡胶密封结构的老化状态动态响应机理与检测方法研究。.设计制作了两种典型橡胶密封结构的实验装置，开展了两种橡胶密封结构的老化状态制备和动态响应实验研究，为动力学建模方法、信号特征提取方法以及老化状态识别方法的有效性验证提供了丰富的数据基础。.开展了两种橡胶密封结构的有限元建模和响应特性分析研究，探求了橡胶密封结构老化状态演化与橡胶密封件老化的关系，揭示了结构老化状态与动态响应信号特征的映射关系，为橡胶密封结构老化状态检测提供了理论依据和先验知识。.针对橡胶密封结构动态响应信号具有非线性、非平稳性以及反映结构老化状态变化特征信息微弱性的特点，提出了基于多尺度排列熵和距离评估的动态响应信号微弱特征提取方法、基于冗余第二代小波包变换的动态响应信号微弱特征提取方法、基于变分模态分解的动态响应信号微弱特征提取方法，实现了橡胶密封结构非平稳动态响应信号微弱特征的有效提取。.针对橡胶密封结构老化状态识别不仅具有少样本、特征信息变化微弱、要求识别能力强的特点，而且要求不同老化程度的识别，结合提出的特征提取方法，进一步提出了基于总体局部均值分解敏感瞬时幅值频谱熵的老化状态检测方法、基于多传感器数据融合的老化状态识别方法、基于模糊支持向量数据描述的老化状态识别方法，实现了实现橡胶密封结构老化状态的高精度检测。.本项目研究可为橡胶密封结构老化状态的无损、在线、定量检测提供基础理论和关键技术，对于满足工程实际的迫切需求，提高橡胶密封结构的服役性能，保障机械装备的运行安全，具有重要的学术意义和工程应用价值。