高性能堇青石/碳化硅微纳米颗粒复相储热陶瓷原位合成及机理研究

The stable operation of the heat storage system for solar thermal power generation is seriously restricted by the problems of low thermal conductivity and poor thermal shock resistance of composite thermal storage ceramic. therefore, it is very important for developing a thermal storage ceramic with high temperature resistance, outstanding thermal conductivity and excellent thermal shock resistance. Excellent-performance cordierite/micro-nanometer silicon carbide composite thermal storage ceramics were in-situ fabricated via semi-dry pressing and power wrapped sintering. Natural mineral of bauxite, talc, quartz and kaolinite were used as the raw materials, and the carbon source was graphite powder and carbon. First, the interaction between composition, structure and properties is studied to realize the in-situ synthesis of cordierite/micro-nanometer silicon carbide composite ceramics. Secondly, the influence of the sintering system on the phase composition and microstructure of the composite heat storage ceramics is revealed and then mechanism of in-situ synthesis is clarified. Finally, the factors affecting the thermal shock resistance and thermal conductivity of the materials and their failure mechanisms are studied. Through above research, the method of in-situ synthesis of high performance cordierite/micro-nanometer silicon carbide composite ceramic will be obtained, and provide reference for efficient application of the ceramic.

陶瓷基复合储热材料因热导率低、抗热震性能差等问题严重制约了太阳能热发电储热系统的稳定运行，因此研发耐高温、导热性能好及抗热震性能优良的复合储热陶瓷是解决该问题的关键。本项目拟以价格低廉的天然矿物铝矾土、滑石、石英和高岭土等为主要原料，以碳黑/石墨粉为碳源，采用半干压成型、埋粉烧结、原位合成法制备性能优良的堇青石/碳化硅微纳米颗粒复相储热陶瓷材料。首先研究配方组成、结构与性能之间的相互作用规律，实现堇青石/碳化硅微纳米颗粒复相储热陶瓷的原位合成；其次揭示烧成制度对该复相储热陶瓷相组成和微观结构的影响规律，阐明原位合成机理；最后研究影响复相储热陶瓷抗热震性能和热导率的因素及其失效机制。通过以上研究，获得高性能堇青石/碳化硅微纳米颗粒复相储热陶瓷原位合成的方法，为堇青石/碳化硅微纳米颗粒复相储热陶瓷材料的高效应用提供借鉴。

陶瓷基复合储热材料是太阳能热发电系统的核心材料之一，该材料需要具备抗热震性能优良，热导率高等特点，因此，高性能陶瓷基复合储热陶瓷的研究与开发成为该领域的热点。本项目以价格低廉的天然矿物铝矾土、滑石、石英和高岭土等为主要原料，以碳黑/石墨粉为碳源，采用半干压成型、埋粉烧结、原位合成法制备性能优良的堇青石/碳化硅微纳米颗粒复相储热陶瓷材料。研究了配方组成、结构与性能之间的相互作用规律，实现了堇青石/碳化硅微纳米颗粒复相储热陶瓷的原位合成；揭示了烧成制度对该复相储热陶瓷相组成和微观结构的影响规律，阐明了原位合成机理；研究了影响复相储热陶瓷抗热震性能和热导率的因素及其失效机制；开展了提高堇青石/碳化硅微纳米颗粒复相储热陶瓷储热效果的探索研究。通过该项目的顺利实施，获得高性能堇青石/碳化硅微纳米颗粒复相储热陶瓷原位合成的方法。项目执行三年来，在Ceramic International, International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology等期刊上共发表学术论文6篇，申请国家发明专利1项，较好的完成了既定任务，研究成果得到国内外学术界所公认和正面引用。本课题的研究项目为堇青石/碳化硅微纳米颗粒复相储热陶瓷材料的高效应用提供借鉴。