循环水养殖系统废水生物絮团处理及同步富集PHB的调控策略与机理研究

The biological resourceful treatment for the aquaculture wastewater is one of the research hotspot in the aquaculture engineering field in recent years. The study is focus on the disadvantages of the lower nutrient assimilation efficiency in recirculating aquaculture system (RAS), as well as the treatment difficulty of the effluent. Based on the bio-flocs technology (BFT) with the relationship of the substrate and bacterial abundance, this project use operated conditions regulate, highthroughput sequencing with metagenome and functional genome, microbial quorum sensing signal molecule detection, to carried out the research content with optimized conditions screening, variation of functional bacteria community and diversity, and the enhanced flocs poly-β-hydroxybutyrate yield. By clarification of the optimized operated condition with bacterial community, to reveal the response of the functional bacterial community rule associated with varied operated conditions and substrate abundance. Thus, the results can illuminated the microbiology mechanism with substrate reasonable utilization in the treatment process, as well as to support the stable operation of the RAS-BFT system with scientific basis.

养殖废水生物资源化处理是近年来设施水产工程领域的研究热点。项目针对高密度循环水养殖系统整体营养盐同化效率偏低，外排废水处理难度大等弊端，重点围绕基质合理分配与菌群丰度变化的关系，以生物絮团处理技术为基础，应用常规工况调节、宏基因组与功能基因组高通量测序、微生物群体感应信号分子检测等手段，开展废水产絮处理优化工况甄别、优势功能菌群结构演替与解析、产絮过程同步强化富集PHB等研究，通过明晰处理过程的最优工况参数及其菌群组成特性，揭示有益功能菌响应基质丰度与工况调控的演变规律，以期为阐明该型废水资源化处理过程基质高效合理利用的微生物学机理、优化调控循环水养殖废水生物絮团处理系统稳定运行提供科学依据。

养殖废水生物资源化处理是近年来设施水产工程领域的研究热点。本课题针对高密度循环水养殖系统整体营养盐同化效率偏低，外排废水处理难度大等弊端，以生物絮团处理技术为基础，开展了絮团型工艺性能评估；碳源种类筛选及供给策略评价；絮团流态及排泥装置优化；工况群落结构演替及微生物机理解析等研究, 通过上述研究：（1）明晰了表征性碳源乙酸钠、甘油和蔗糖在絮团型工艺运行过程中的基质转化归趋特征，进而完善了相应的碳源供给策略；（2）揭示了工艺过程产絮同步调控的潜在策略（3）发现絮团型工艺的运行性能不仅与基质分配密切相关，且系统运行过程的流场特性、排泥特性等因素影响也极为显著，并进行相应优化（4）基于高通量测序，分析絮团型工艺及自养系统（循环水养殖系统）的群落结构特征，进而提供了前述工艺性能变化的分子生物学依据。相关研究内容符合研究计划，并按科学问题需求进行了有益扩充，整体执行良好。项目已经发表SCI论文7篇，EI论文3篇，申请/授权发明专利2项，培养博士后1人，博士2人，硕士1人，部分技术已在产业化应用进程中。