猪产仔数相关基因组选择性清除位点的大群验证及其分子功能研究

Pig litter size is one of the most important economic traits in pig industry. It is an important index of pig production and economic, and have directly impact on the sustainable development of productive efficiency of pig. Litter size is a polygenic complex trait with low heritability, Few progress have been achieved through the traditional breeding methods. The marker-assisted selection and molecular breeding technology have successfully used in swine production. Re-sequencing technology is an efficient approach in dissection of genetic achitecture for polygenic complex We re-sequenced whole genome of 60 individuals in six pig breeds including wild boar, Erhualian ,Laiwu, Tibetan, Bama and Tibetan wild breeds. Through a series of population genetics studies, we identified hundreds of significant loci associated with litter size. We herein proposed to verify these SNPs in White Duroc × Erhualian resource population, Sutai pigs, Yunan black pigs, and commercial pigs, and identify the those SNPs that are significantly associated with litter size in the major breeds. This study is expected to deepen our understanding on molecular basis of variations in pig litter number and provide important genes and geentic markers on improving reproductive quality in pig breed industry.

猪产仔数是养猪生产中最重要的经济复杂性状之一，直接影响我国高效养猪业的发展。然而其遗传力低，通过常规选育方法提高，收效甚微。新的标记辅助选择及分子育种技术显著加快了现代猪良种繁育建设，同时全基因重测序技术更为解析多基因复杂性状开创了新路。本项目组前期对二花脸猪、藏猪、莱芜猪、巴马香猪、野猪和撒坝猪6个品种共60个个体进行了全基因组重测序，利用基因组选择性清除等方法发现了一批与高产仔性状显著相关的候选SNPs位点。并在白色杜洛克×二花脸F2代资源群进行了进一步验证，本项目拟在此基础上，分别在苏太猪、豫南黑猪，大白、长白、杜洛克以及长大二元猪等群体中验证与产仔数显著相关的SNPs位点，筛选和鉴定与高产仔性状相关的主效基因，鉴别其因果变异位点，并在RNA和蛋白水平验证其功能。预期结果将加深人们对猪产仔数分子遗传控制机理的理解，并为建立提高猪产仔数的分子育种技术及其在产业中应用提供重要的理论依据。

随着测序技术的发展，利用最新重测序技术开展猪重要经济性状的遗传解析具有重要意义，本项目针对我国不同品种（二花脸猪、莱芜猪、藏猪、亚洲野猪、巴马香猪、撒坝猪等6个品种，覆盖高低繁殖力）以及同一品种（大白母猪，高低产），采用全基因组测序技术，结合质谱分型和探针分型技术，开展了显著影响产仔性状的主效基因的鉴别及群体验证。实验结果获得了大量的遗传变异位点，通过群体验证，15个显著位点分别在不同群体中具有显著影响产仔性状效应。其中AVCR1、ZFYVE9、BMP6、INHBA及SYNPO2与繁殖性状高度相关，显著影响了母猪繁殖性能。通过实时定量测定mRNA组织表达谱发现，SYNPO2、ACVR1和ZFYVE9均在猪的子宫表达高度表达，本项目成果可为解释猪繁殖性状分子调控提供理论依据，并可为新型分子育种技术研发提供重要的技术支撑。