电极聚焦式电阻抗断层成像方法研究

Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is a research hotspot in the field of biomedical. In EIT, it is a common method to solve the complex three-dimensional problem that the excitation current divergence in the object as a simple two-dimensional problem. But the resulting problems that the reductions of detection sensitivity and resolution have not been resolved. On the basis of the preliminary study, this project proposes a method of Electrode Focused Electrical Impedance Tomography (EFEIT). It can make the excitation current focus on the two-dimensional fault plane, prevent the three-dimensional divergence of the current in the research object and guarantee the rationality of the two-dimensional simplified treatment. Through the study of three-dimensional alternating electromagnetic field numerical model, this project investigates the focusing effects of alternating current field in different spatial distribution and different focusing modes of the focusing electrode array. Based on the experimental platform of Electrode Focused Electrical Impedance Tomography, the new method is tested the improvement ability of resistance detection. The study of the project will promote the wide application of electrical impedance tomography technology in the field of clinical medicine, and provide a powerful analytical tools for the human body physiological function detection and the early clinical diseases diagnosis like cancer.

电阻抗断层成像技术是生物医学领域的研究热点，将激励电流在检测物体内发散的三维问题当做二维问题简化处理，是该技术常用的手段，但由此带来的检测灵敏度和分辨率降低问题始终未能解决。本项目在前期研究基础上，提出了一种电极聚焦式电阻抗断层成像方法，将激励电流聚焦在研究的二维断层平面内，防止了电流在研究物体内的三维发散，保证三维问题二维简化处理的合理性。本项目通过研究建立三维交变电磁场数值模型，考察聚焦电极系的不同空间分布、不同聚焦模式对交变电流场聚焦效果的影响，利用搭建的电极聚焦式电阻抗断层成像实验平台，考察新方法对电阻抗检测的改善能力。本项目的研究可以推动电阻抗成像技术在临床医学领域的广泛应用，为人体生理功能检测、癌症等疾病的早期临床诊断提供一种有力的分析工具。

电阻抗断层成像技术是生物医学领域的研究热点，将激励电流在检测物体内发散的三维问题当做二维问题简化处理，是该技术常用的手段，但由此带来的检测灵敏度和分辨率降低问题始终未能解决。本项目提出了一种电极聚焦式电阻抗断层成像方法，将激励电流聚焦在研究的二维断层平面内，防止了电流在研究物体内的三维发散，保证三维问题二维简化处理的合理性。本项目通过研究建立三维交变电磁场数值模型，考察不同聚焦电极系对交变电流场聚焦效果的影响，验证了激励电流在不同电阻抗分布模型的检测断面聚焦的有效性；在方法研究基础上，采用FPGA结合stm32单片机设计了电极聚焦式电阻抗断层成像实验平台，采用LabVIEW软件设计了上位机控制软件，实现了聚焦电阻抗成像实验平台的聚焦控制、电极切换以及信号检测和采集显示；利用搭建的电极聚焦式电阻抗断层成像实验平台，进行了水槽实验验证，考察了新方法对电阻抗检测的改善能力，实验结果表明聚焦式电阻抗成像方法可以提高重建图像数据的精度。本项目的研究可以推动电阻抗成像技术在临床医学领域的广泛应用，为人体生理功能检测、癌症等疾病的早期临床诊断提供一种有力的分析工具。