Spinal cord ischemicreperfusion injury (SCIRI) is a serious complication of thoracoabdominal aortic and spinal surgery. It remains a widespread and persistent problem because of its debilitating injuries to the central nervous system, with high incidence of paraplegia posing a serious threat to patients. The mechanisms of spinal cord I/R injury are not well understood and probably are multifactorial. Mounting evidence indicates that ischemic postconditioning has protection against I/R injury. But the mechanisms are not fully understood in SCIRI. We've showed that TLR4 singnal played an important role in neuronal apoptosis and finally led to lower limb motor function in our previous study. Based on that, we used a genomics approach to examine changed miRs of rats underwent 14-min ischemia followed by 24 or 72h of reperfusion with or without ischemic postconditioning. After scanned miR databases for potential miR targets and confirmed these targets in vitro by luciferase assays, we were the first to suggest that miR-129, which is predicted to contain sequences complementary to the 3’-UTR of HMGB1of TLR4 adaptor and TP53INP1 gene. Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to investigate whether ischemic postconditioning can initiate protective effects of anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic properties in SCIRI through the following mechanisms: 1) upregulationg of miR-129 expression and negative regualtes the HMGB1/TLR4-NF-κB-IL-1β and TP53INP1/p53-caspase3 pathway; 2) upregulationg of Akt phosphorylation and then initiates negative feedback of Akt-Mdm2-p53. This study not only reveals new protection mechanisms of ischemic postconditioning in SCIRI protection mechanisms experiences, but also provides a new target for clinical treatment.
脊髓缺血再灌注损伤临床常见于胸腹主动脉瘤手术后,其机制复杂,后果严重。缺血后处理对缺血再灌注损伤有保护作用但机制不清。前期研究中发现TLR4信号对缺血再灌注损伤后神经炎性反应、神经功能损伤和修复等过程均起重要作用。并在此基础上,应用基因芯片技术检测脊髓组织miRNA表达谱,首次提出miR-129对TLR4的上游调节蛋白HMGB1和TP53INP1基因具有负性调控作用,缺血后处理分别通过1)上调miR-129表达,从而抑制HMGB1/TLR4-NF-κB-IL-1β和TP53INP1/p53-caspase3 两条信号通路的活化;2)提高Akt磷酸化水平,激活Akt-Mdm2-p53负反馈机制在缺血再灌注损伤中发挥抗炎、抗凋亡的作用。本研究不仅揭示缺血后处理在缺血再灌注损伤中的新的保护机制,更为临床治疗提供新靶点。
SCIRI临床常见于胸腹主动脉瘤手术后,其机制复杂,后果严重,目前研究尚未明确。本课题组在前期研究的基础上,通过基因芯片、生信分析等手段,首次提出miR-129负性调控TLR家族的上游调节蛋白HMGB1,注射其模拟物可以通过抑制HMGB1/TLR3-IL-1β炎性信号通路,发挥抗炎作用;同样,本课题组还证实miR-125b和TP53INP1之间负性调控作用;给予人工合成模拟物能够明显降低离体神经元的凋亡,和显改善大鼠下肢运动功能和炎症因子的释放;此外,本课题还发现miR在SCIRI引起的神经病理性疼痛同样具有良好的治疗作用,提出miR-187-3p对P2X7R具有负性调节作用,miR-187-3p模拟物通过抑制P2X7R的表达发挥镇痛作用。在此基础上,还探讨了NMDA受体、大麻素受体在疼痛研究中的作用,在体验证了阻断NMDA受体和大麻素受体能够明显改善缺血后的病理性疼痛,具有一定的临床应用价值。.本研究还秉承“老树开新花”的精神。虽然p53在肿瘤发生发展中的作用已有广泛研究,但抓住p53是应激效应担保,在多条信号通路中通过组成反馈环路网络、发挥重要作用的特点,首次在脊髓缺血再灌注损伤中提出了“p53-PUMA反馈环”这一概念,假设新颖,并获得有力的证据支持。.同时本课题组同样注重扩展性研究,证实胶质细胞活化所引起的炎症反应是SCIRI的重要参与因素。并证实趋化因子CXCL12及其配体CXCR4能明确增加胶质细胞及其表面TLR4受体的表达,从而趋化向损伤组织中转移,加重SCIRI损伤。此外,神经元焦亡也是神经元死亡的重要因素。2019年在课题研究的末尾,本研究组探讨了AIM2炎症小体的作用,提出在损伤过程中AIM2炎症小体的过度激活可引起caspase-1的剪切以及神经炎症因子IL-1β的大量释放,再次证SCIRI是一个多细胞、多机制参与的复杂的病理机制,值得深入探讨。.综上,本研究预期研究的成果基本完成。关于在SCIRI过程中筛查异常的小RNA(miR),并通过合成的生物学小分子进行在体和离体干预,均在神经炎症反应、神经元凋亡等过程观察到明确的治疗作用。本研究揭示了基因研究的意义和以合成的miR这类的小生物学制剂为治疗手段,将来在临床开展的可能。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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