基于Fe3O4/石墨烯墙/碳纤维的新型复合材料的吸波性能研究

Electromagnetic wave absorption materials have been more and more attractive due to the booming development of detection, guidance techniques for modern military, and the deepening electromagnetic pollution as well. The ideal Electromagnetic wave absorbers are required to be thin, light-weighted, broadband and strong absorption. It is too difficult to meet all the above requirements; therefore recombining various absorbers is needed to optimize the performances. In this proposal, we will develop a trans-scale, multidimensional, multilayer electromagnetic wave absorber based on Fe3O4 nanoparticles/Graphene nanowalls/Carbon fibers. Trans-scale integrated structural designing methods are utilized, taking advantage of carbon nanomaterials' low density, large dielectric loss factor and ultra broadband coupling with magnetic material properties, to achieve a breakthrough of nanomaterials from microcosmic to macrocosmic. Nano-micro and syntony structures matching the wavelength of microwave are constructed inside the composites to enhance the interaction between the electromagnetic wave and the composite. The electromagnetic wave absorption properties ranging from 2–18GHz are studied to clarify the absorbing mechanism of the synergistic effect between graphene nanowalls and Fe3O4 nanoparticles. It will be a promising candidate for an efficient electromagnetic wave absorber and build the foundation of next electromagnetic wave absorbers with broadband and strong absorbing properties.

随着现代军事探测、制导技术的迅速发展和电磁污染的日益严重，电磁波吸收材料越来越受到重视。理想的吸波材料应该具有厚度薄、质量轻、工作频带宽、吸收强等优点。单一类型的材料很难同时满足要求，因此需要将具有不同特性的材料进行优化复合以获得最佳效果。本项目拟研制一种基于Fe3O4纳米粒子/石墨烯墙/碳纤维的多层、多维度、跨尺度的吸波材料，利用碳纳米材料的质量轻、介电损耗大及超宽波段响应特性，结合磁性材料特性，采用跨尺度一体化的结构设计方法，实现纳米材料微观特性宏观化的突破性拓展和对电磁波的高效吸收。在复合材料内部构筑微波波长尺度上匹配的纳微结构、谐振结构等跨尺度结构，增强电磁波与复合材料之间相互作用。研究其在2–18GHz频段的电磁波吸收特性，阐明石墨烯墙与Fe3O4纳米粒子协同作用的吸波机制。该复合材料有望成为一种极具潜力的高效电磁波吸收材料，为新一代宽频带强吸收电磁波吸收材料的突破奠定基础。

理想的吸波材料应该具有厚度薄、质量轻、工作频带宽、吸收强等优点。单一类型的材料很难同时满足要求，因此需要将具有不同特性的材料进行优化复合以获得最佳效果。本项目研制了一种基于磁性纳米粒子/石墨烯墙/碳纤维的多层、多维度、跨尺度的吸波材料，利用碳纳米材料的质量轻、介电损耗大及超宽波段响应特性，结合磁性材料特性，实现了纳米材料微观特性向宏观化的突破性拓展和对电磁波的高效吸收。研究了复合材料在2–18GHz频段的电磁波吸收特性，明确了磁性纳米粒子和石墨烯墙协同作用的吸波机制。