多分支结构坑道内油气爆炸火焰行为与超压特性研究

Gasoline not only is one of important strategic resources in the national development and national defense construction, but also belongs to a typical flammable and explosive material which can catch fire or cause explosion accidents easily. The security of the gasoline has already become an important premise for the social production and national defense construction. In order to prevent the gasoline-air explosion accidents occurred frequently in confined space involving branch tunnels or pipes, this project takes the gasoline-air explosions in multi-branch structure tunnel as the main research object. In this project, the combination research method of visualization experiment and theoretical analysis will be used, and the evolution mechanism and regularity of the flame behavior of the explosions in multi-branch configuration tunnel will be explored. The relationships between overpressure characteristic and branch tunnel number, length, distribution form and location will be analyzed. The key flame behavior parameters which greatly affect explosion overpressure features will also be sifted. Expected aims of this project include that turbulence effect mechanism of the flame behavior and overpressure characteristics which caused by the multi-branch configuration of the tunnel, quantitative relationships between explosion intensity and the key flame behavior parameters, calculation model of the gasoline-air explosion intensity which is based on the key flame behavior parameters and its applicable scope, etc. Expected conclusions of this project are of great significance to grasp and understand the special mechanism and regularity of gasoline-air explosion in the confined space with multi-branch configuration, to predict and control the gasoline-air explosion consequences and reduce or avoid possible casualties and property damage in such confined space, etc.

油气既是国家发展和国防建设中重要的战略资源，又是典型的易燃易爆品，极易引发火灾爆炸安全事故，其安全性已成为保证社会生产和国防建设顺利进行的重要前提。针对近年来涉分支坑/管道受限空间中频发的油气爆炸安全事故，本项目以多分支结构坑道内的油气爆炸为研究对象，采用可视化实验和理论分析相结合的研究手段，探索多分支结构坑道内油气爆炸火焰行为的演化机理与规律，分析超压特性与分支坑道数量、长度、分布形式和位置之间的关系，筛选影响爆炸超压特性的关键火焰行为参数。项目预期将揭示多分支结构坑道作用于火焰行为和超压特性的湍流影响机制，确定关键火焰行为参数与爆炸强度之间的定量关系，建立基于关键火焰行为参数的油气爆炸强度预测模型，并给出模型的适用范围。项目预期成果对把握和认识多分支结构受限空间内油气爆炸过程的特殊机理及规律、预测和控制此类受限空间内油气爆炸后果、减少或避免可能造成的人员伤亡和财产损失等具有重大意义。

油气既是国家发展和国防建设中重要的战略资源，又是典型的易燃易爆品，极易引发火灾爆炸安全事故，其安全性已成为保证社会生产和国防建设顺利进行的重要前提。针对近年来涉分支坑/管道受限空间中频发的油气爆炸安全事故，本项目以多分支结构坑道内的油气爆炸为研究对象，采用可视化实验和理论分析相结合的研究手段，系统对多分支结构坑道内油气爆炸过程的火焰行为与超压特性开展了研究工作。主要研究内容包括：（1）多分支结构坑道内油气爆炸火焰行为参数和特征变化规律；（2）多分支结构坑道内油气爆炸超压特性变化规律；（3）基于关键火焰行为参数的多分支坑道内油气爆炸强度预测模型三部分内容。项目研究取得了如下重要成果与数据：（1）多分支结构坑道内油气爆炸火焰行为的演化机理与规律；（2）超压特性与分支坑道数量、长度、分布形式和位置之间的关系；（3）坑道内油气爆炸火焰行为与压力波相互作用过程与耦合机理；（4）多分支结构坑道作用于火焰行为和超压特性的湍流影响机制；（5）基于关键火焰行为参数的油气爆炸强度预测模型。本项目共发表学术论文28篇（其中SCI收录6篇，EI收录11篇，中文核心7篇，会议论文2篇，其他论文2篇），申请并授权国家专利4项，协助培养博士、硕士研究生共3名。所有指标均超过任务书预期指标。项目研究成果对把握和认识多分支结构受限空间内油气爆炸过程的特殊机理及规律、预测和控制此类受限空间内油气爆炸后果、减少或避免可能造成的人员伤亡和财产损失等具有重大意义。同时，项目研究成果拓宽了可燃气体爆炸研究领域，可为制定相关工程设计和安全防护规范提供必要的实验与理论支撑，同时也可为可燃气体爆炸事故原因调查提供科学依据。