持续热应激引起肉鸡免疫抑制的机理研究

Immunosuppression generally exists in animal production practice resulting by abiotic stress (stress), the economic losses is very breathtaking due to hyperthermia in poultry industry sensitive to heat stress every year. Stress one aspect can be directly or via the hypothalamus-pituitary- adrenal axis (HPA) by glucocorticoids and have an indirect effect on the immune system leading to apoptosis in immune cells, on the other hand, which can regulate cell immunity or humoral immune function through cytokine production. In order to reveal immune suppression mechanism in heat stressed broilers, we study the interrelation heat stress, HPA, apoptosis of the immune cells, cytokines and immune function on the basis of AA broilers as animal models in vitro experimental study. The main content of the research include, (1) changes in HPA, main hormones and their receptors, (2) changes in immune function, the main index reflection of cellular and humoral immunity, (3) apoptosis changes in immune organs, positioning and quantitative detection and regulation of gene variation in immune organs, (4) the change of related cytokines. Through various indexes, elucidating the relationship in immune cell apoptosis and change of cytokines and immune suppression mechanism caused by heat stress, providing a theoretical basis of prevention and treatment of immune suppression in new ways.

生物逆境（应激）导致的免疫抑制普遍存在于动物生产实践中，对热应激较敏感的养禽业每年由于高热造成的经济损失十分惊人。应激一方面可直接或通过下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺皮质轴（HPA）由糖皮质激素间接作用于免疫系统导致免疫细胞凋亡，另一方面可通过相关细胞因子的产生来调节机体的细胞免疫或体液免疫功能。本研究以AA肉鸡为动物模型，通过体外试验研究热应激、HPA、免疫细胞凋亡、细胞因子及免疫功能间的相互关系，以揭示热应激引起肉鸡免疫抑制发生的机理。研究的主要内容包括热应激引起的：（1）HPA变化：HPA的主要激素及其受体；（2）免疫功能变化：反应体液免疫和细胞免疫的主要指标；（3）免疫器官细胞凋亡变化：免疫器官细胞凋亡的定位和定量检测及主要调节基因的变化；（4）相关细胞因子的变化。通过各种指标检测，阐明热应激引起免疫细胞凋亡及细胞因子变化的机理及与免疫抑制发生的关系，为寻找防治免疫抑制的新途径提供理论基础。